per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-12152521articleHalit Bagduhalitbagdu81@gmail.com1seyed vahid kashanikasani.istes@gmail.com2 mohamad MadaniMustafayalcin72@yahoo.com3Representative of Al-Mustafa Al-Alamiya Society in Istanbul, Türkiye<p>The book &ldquo;Al-Shawahid al-Rububiyyah fi al-Manahij al-Sulukiyyah (Evidences of Divinity in the Spiritual Journeys)&rdquo; written by Sadr al-Din Muhammad ibn Ibrahim Shirazi, the founder of Transcendent Philosophy, is essentially a concise compilation of his philosophical thoughts, particularly his extensive work known as &ldquo;Al-Asfar al-Arba'ah (The Four Journeys)&rdquo;. It serves as a concise summary of the religio-philosophical-mystical ideas of the Transcendent Philosophy school, which have gained global recognition and influence overall all the world either east or west. However, based on its content and topics such as Mashhad (Manifesting Point), Shahid (Intuitive), and Ishraq (Illumination) and &hellip;, it seems to encompass the final views of the founder. This book is filled with intellectual, religious, and mystical wisdom and knowledge, and has been a fundamental textbook and reference for scholars of philosophy and mysticism in educational institutions and religious seminaries since ancient times. It has played a significant role in the development of philosophy by delving into various philosophical subjects based on Sadrian philosophical arguments. As a result, numerous commentaries and annotations have been written on it, and distinguished and expert philosophers have referred to it to gain familiarity with the philosophical arguments and evidence presented in this philosophy according to his talent.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48915The Transcendent Philosophy Al-Shawahid al-Rububiyyah (Evidences of Divinity) Mashhad (Manifesting Point) Shahid (Intuitive) Mulla Sadra.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-121522356articleMajid Barari bazarmahalehmajidbarari.99@gmail.com1Aliakbar Bagheri Khaliliaabagheri@umz.ac.ir2masoud Rouhaniruhani46@yahoo.com3Siavash HaghjooS.haghjoy@umz.ac.ir4Persian language and literature, literature and humanities, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, IranProfessor of Persian language and literature Mazandaran University<p>Human issues cannot be concealed. In this transition, the schools and opinions of philosophers and psychologists have helped humans solve their problems. Dr. Frankl's logotherapy is one of the solutions to human problems. He believed that people&rsquo;s efforts to find meaning in life would be their most important impetus. In his Masnavi, Molana, a poet and an educated mystic, discussed the meaning of life and logotherapy for the relief of human suffering. This study aims to analyze logotherapy in Masnavi from Molana&rsquo;s perspective and that of Frankl's theory. We will see that life and its hidden pain, suffering, and death are not empty and baseless. However, we can achieve peace by perceiving their meanings, modeling their concepts, and adapting our lives to natural adversities. Furthermore, love and devotion to God a method of Molana's logotherapy. In addition, religious rituals and their symbolic and secondary concepts as well as their social and psychological functions are among the other mechanisms that he emphasized to give meaning to life. Similarly, Viktor Frankl considered God-centeredness and avoidance of absurdity to be the most important versions of logotherapy.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48916logotherapy Molana’s Masnavi Frankl absurdity human theism religious rituals love.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-121525780articleneda Torabpoorn1360mnm@gmail.com1Seyed Mohammadbagher Jafarism.jafari@ut.ac.ir2jafar Rahmani0384459@gmail.com3Academic staff of Tolo Mehr Institute of Higher Education<p>The presence of signs such as the lack of competence and ability of students to enter the labor market after 12 years of education, the ability to earn money, form an independent life, and even enter the university and continue their education shows the fundamental need for change in the country's schools. One of the approaches of empowering students is the entrepreneurial approach in the context of the entrepreneur school. In this regard, the current research seeks to present the entrepreneurial school model with a meta synthesis approach. The research is descriptive in terms of practical purpose, in terms of data collection and qualitative approach. This research was done using the meta synthesis method. The data collection tool is past research and library documents from 2010 to 2024, which includes 41 researches with a qualitative evaluation. The method of data analysis is content analysis. The findings of the research show that the predictors affecting the entrepreneurial school in 3 categories: student-related factors (personality traits, familiarity with entrepreneurship); factors related to teachers and managers (entrepreneurial attitude and behavior, entrepreneurial management, entrepreneurial knowledge, entrepreneurial experience); Factors related to the school (structure facilitating entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial strategy, entrepreneurial curriculum) are placed. Context or background factors in 4 categories: facilitating policies (support program, reward and encouragement system), providing resources (financial, physical and informational resources), market conditions (innovative environment, networking and globalization), entrepreneurial culture (entrepreneurial beliefs, entrepreneurial governance) and the consequences of the entrepreneurial school in 3 categories: the consequence for the student (increasing risk-taking, the ability to develop talents and skills, improving participation, independence and responsibility, profit entrepreneurship), the consequence for the school (targeting education, forming an entrepreneurial school), the consequence for society (entrepreneurship network dynamics, future-oriented economic development, social and economic empowerment).</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48917entrepreneurial school entrepreneurial education meta synthesis.  per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-121528198articleMehrnaz Dadkhahmehrnaz_dadkhah@yahoo.com1Taiebeh Akbariradakbariradtaiebeh@gmail.com2Mohammad Ghasemidr.ghasemi92@yahoo.com3PhD student in Sciences and Quran and Hadith, Tehran North Branch of the Islamic Azad University.Department of Sciences and Quran and Hadith, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran BranchAssistant Professor, Department of Sciences and Quran and Hadith, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North branch.<p>In this article, we attempt to examine the concept and importance of good deeds from the perspective of Imam Ali (AS), relying on his sermons, letters, and aphorisms in the valuable book Nahj al-balagha. We will discuss the effects of good deeds and the obstacles to performing them. In Nahj al-balagha, Imam Ali (AS) refers to good deeds with words such as kindness, benevolence, righteousness, goodness, and also emphasizes the importance of action and piety. From Imam Ali's perspective, piety and avoiding humiliation and contempt, eradicating evil, conquering hearts, are among the positive effects of good deeds. On the other hand, stinginess, withholding rewards, and not rewarding the righteous are considered obstacles to performing good deeds.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48918Good deeds Nahj al-Balagha Amir al-Mu'minin Ali (AS). per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-1215299126articlesara Khan RamakiKhanramaki@ymail.com1Ali SabaghianAli_sabaghian@yahoo.com2The basic lawyer of a justice<p>The current research has investigated the social consequences and normative effects of land reforms in Iran. In this research, the focus is on issues such as land reforms, marginalization and other consequences of land reforms. This research was done in a descriptive analytical way and in the form of a library study. The findings of the research show that the migration of villagers to cities and the growth and intensification of urban marginalization were the most important social consequences of land reforms. The migration of villagers to cities due to factors such as small plots of land and their poor quality, low local production and lack of water, expansion of large capitalist ownership, lack of facilities and living facilities in villages, lack of budget allocation to the agricultural sector, increasing development of cities and finding It has been a job. After that, the strengthening and expansion of radicalism among the youth of the outskirts of the cities began as a normative consequence of land reforms. Therefore, the most important internal and external areas of the spread of radicalism in the form of cases such as the floating of immigrant people and the lack of establishment of identity among them, the composition of the young population and their entry into universities, the inflamed urban atmosphere, the tyranny of the ruler, and the presence of the United States as a supporter of the king in addition to the dominance of literature Marxist has been political in the third world countries and the expansion of Islam. The results of the research show that the socio-normative consequences of land reforms led to the growth and intensification of marginalization and the strengthening of radicalism.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48919normative consequence social consequence land reform. per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-12152127145articleReza Zohrevandrzohrevand8@gmail.com1Hamid Reza Ali KaramiCivil.alikarami@gmail.com2Vahid Ghasemi Ahdv.ghassemi@gmail.com3<p>Obligations and the discussion of fulfillment or violation of it is a moral issue that is our daily moral life and an important part of law science. For this reason, it is necessary and important to pay attention to the conditions and rulings of transfer of obligation, the ethical standards governing it to know the laws and regulations in this field. This issue is done by the legal review of the obligation, which is a recognized institution. In the systems subordinate to the Roman Germanic system, the obligation is theoretically written, in Islamic law, when writing the civil law, article 230 was adapted from article 1152 of the French civil code, and despite the fact that the French civil law, in order to correct and improve this The institution has been amended many times, Article 230 of the Civil Code, which is the only article about the obligation, has not changed since then, and in this sense, its nature and moral effects are still in an aura of ambiguity. It should be noted. In Iranian law, judicial fines and punitive clauses have not been much studied by jurists; therefore, sometimes, out of tolerance, punitive clauses and punitive clauses have been used interchangeably. The transfer of obligation can be considered based on moral principles and good morality, the most important of which is the issue of compensation based on satisfaction. In this theory, the beneficiary's participation in the transfer of the obligation is accepted, and finally, the reciprocity of the transfer is taken into account in special cases. In English law, while drawing a decisive boundary between these two entities, the obligation, acceptance and penal clauses (penalty) have been declared invalid and only the right to demand actual damages has been considered for conditional clauses. Penal clauses in English law are meant as one Among the types of contractual fines are terms whose main purpose is to prevent the obligee from breaching the contract, not to determine damages and compensate them in advance, although it may also have the aspect of compensating damages, according to the studies conducted, English law allows penal terms. It does not know enforcement and the most obvious reason for this opposition is that people cannot punish each other, in other words, common law considers penal clauses to be invalid and penal clauses are valid only in case of breach of contract. Therefore, when the contract is terminated prematurely, the rules of criminal fines are not applied. What is very important is that about how to apply the judicial rules of criminal clauses of English law in Iranian law, it should be said: Currently, in Iranian law, fines judicially prohibited or at least very limited and judicial fines in Iranian law have a limited scope.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48920moral obligation consent penal terms Penalty Clause Iranian law English law..  per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-12152147172articleMehran SarmadianMehran.sarmadian@gmail.com1Davod Kianidkiani@outlook.com2Alireza Aminiaminialireza1335@gmail.com3Islamic Azad University, Qom branchAssociate Professor of Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Qom, IranAssistant Professor of International Relations, Department of Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Iran<p>The background and objectives of the present research is to study and examine the interdependence between the countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus and Iran regarding the existence of an interwoven network of extensive forms of security, political and cultural ties in the region and to examine the factors and obstacles to the growth of tourism between Iran and the regions of Central Asia and the Caucasus. The field of study of the current research includes the undeniable necessity of the growth and development of tourism among the countries of Central Asia, Qafaz and Iran at the regional level and the investigation of the obstacles to the growth of tourism in this region. A need that, considering the countless obstacles and challenges that exist in the region, does not show a clear future if not resolved. The research method of the present study is based on the constructivist theory. The most important question of this research is what are the major obstacles to the growth and development of tourism between Iran and Central Asia and the Caucasus? The research findings seek to prove the hypothesis that, considering the effective ethical aspects in the development of tourism and considering the common cultural heritage between Iran and Central Asia and the Caucasus, the most important cultural opportunity in attracting foreign tourists and weakness in diplomacy Cultural, the presence of regional and extra-regional cultural competitors and Iran-phobia have become the main obstacles to the development of tourism in the Central Asia and Caucasus region. The discussion and results of this research, which is historical-analytical.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48921Iran Central Asia Caucasus tourism development obstacles to development weakness of diplomacy ethical aspects effective in development.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-12152173198articleSiavash Sharbati Navans.shn50@gmail.com1Ebadullah rostami chelkasariebadolahrostami@gmail.com2seyyed mohmmad Asadinejadmohammad_asadinejad@yahoo.com3phd Student,Department of privat Law, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University,Rasht, IranAssociate professor,Department of Private Law, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, IranAssociate professor,Department of Law, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran<p>Contractual relations between persons are under the rule of laws and Shariah, the text of the contract and customs, and the disputes of the parties are settled based on these sources. Ethics in contracts can be examined from two aspects. First, ethics as a legal source to be cited by the judge in issuing a decision, and second, ethics by each of the parties in contractual relations that must be practiced. Although the execution time is not one of the basic elements and reasons for the formation of an obligation, just as its absence is not considered as an obstacle and the obligation is correct with these characteristics, but the problem is that the jurists are unknown, hesitant, uncertain, the ambiguity of the execution time, even the delegation of authority. The time of execution to the obligee is considered invalid based on paragraph 2 of Article 233 and Article 401 of BC due to the spread of "ignorance to other parties" and the creation of "gharar". Whereas, the above articles do not imply invalidity not only by verifying the intention and identifying the issue of the obligation, but also along with other factors and tools to verify the time of implementation, the time of the obligation can be determined and the liquidation of the obligation should be considered only limited to the external factor. As the international documents in question (Convention on the International Sale of Goods, Principles of European Contract Law, Principles of International Commercial Contracts and Common Reference Framework Plan) are like this. With new arguments, while examining the role of time in commitment, the present research discusses the effect of its lack in commitment and seeks to prove that the performance time that can be determined from the commitment and the performance time that can be determined with the help of the new interpretation, are similar to the performance time effects. It is determined by the obligation that under these conditions, the obligation is based and in case of violation of the obligation, the obligee can resort to the obligee for any of the compensation methods, unless a serious external factor occurs during the execution of the obligation, which in these conditions or during the life of the obligee is terminated or, contrary to the opinion of jurists, it is justified by good faith and fair behavior and the obligation is adjusted.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48923commitment performance time fixed time breach of commitment nullity liquidation international documents ethics social interests. per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-12152199222articlehamed Alizadehrahvarh.alizadehrahvar.eco@iauctb.ac.ir1Azita Jahanshadazi.jahanshad@iauctb.ac.ir2PhD student, Department of Accounting, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran<p>The main purpose of the research is to examine the provision of solutions to prevent the emergence of moral hazards resulting from the distortion of financial statements during the implementation of international financial reporting standards related to financial instruments in the Iranian banking system. In the interview, 14 people were selected from experts who specialized in the banking industry, and a questionnaire was used for the acceptability level, for which the statistical population is experts with financial knowledge who were selected as a sample using the electronic method of 100 and confirmed the results. In the research, solutions were proposed for Iranian banks through theme analysis. According to the results obtained, it was determined that by amending tax laws, training expert auditors, increasing the expertise and empowerment of banking experts, reducing conflicts of interest of employees, increasing transparency in measuring financial instruments, limiting the level of judgment in measuring financial instruments, increasing supervision, reducing the incentive for profit management by amending the payment mechanism, strengthening the underlying factors through improving economic and political conditions, strengthening the culture of transparency, and improving the organizational structure and culture, the desired goal can be achieved. Originality and its Contribution to the Knowledge: It is necessary to have appropriate strategies to identify and reduce moral corruption before implementing IFRS in the Iranian banking system.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48924Financial instruments International Financial Reporting Standards Moral Hazards from Financial Statement Misstatement Supervision.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-12152223243articleMohammad Reza Qala Shahimrezaqalashahi@ymail.com1Hossein Moradi Zanjanisahar.j1990@gmail.com2Mohammad Hossein Saeinisaeini@ymail.com3PhD student, Department of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, IranAssistant Professor, Department of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, IranAssistant Professor, Department of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran<p>Knowing the practical examples of the moral verses of the Qur'an in the light of the lives of the innocents (peace be upon them) is of great importance. The practical way of the innocents (pbuh) is actually a practical interpretation of the Holy Qur'an, without referring to it, it is not possible to achieve a correct and practical explanation of the verses. The purpose of this research is to examine the practice of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) in explaining and confirming the moral verses of the Holy Quran. For this purpose, first the most important moral issues are raised, then the relevant verses are mentioned, and then the specific cases of the practical life of the innocent are mentioned in the position of acknowledging those verses and conforming to them. The method of this research is descriptive and analytical and based on library studies. In this way, it has been taken from the reliable sources of public history, the history of Imams (AS), etc. and based on the framework of the research, this work has been written. The results of the research show that the morals of the Ahl al-Bayt (a.s.) in matters such as kindness, honesty, trustworthiness, patience and stability, respect for people, good communication with family, having a wife, secrecy, breaking knots from others, forgiveness, etc. are completely It is in accordance with the teachings of the Holy Quran and has been issued by him in the capacity of explaining and confirming the verses of the Quran.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48925practical way of life Ahl al-Bayt (pbuh) innocents (pbuh) Holy Quran. per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-12152245273articleReihaneh KamanehR_kamaneh@yahoo.com1Alireza Yousefi aryousefy@edc.mui.ac.ir2narges keshtiaraykeshtiaray@gmail.com3Professor, Medical Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. <p>Intellectual education has been one of the most fundamental topics throughout the history of human thought. Great philosophers have tried to provide appropriate guidance for character education with a comprehensive understanding of man and his dimensions. The condition for success in social, political and... rational education is. Cultivating the intellect is a big concept. The current research aims to explain the concept of rational education from the perspective of the two thinkers in question (Maulana and Dewey). In this passage, some interesting points have been expressed in the works of these elders. The research method is qualitative content analysis with emphasis on the conceptual model. To first explain rational education from the point of view of two thinkers, then by citing examples, educational suggestions based on their rationality are presented. The field of research includes Masnavi and Dewey's first-hand sources and all related texts. The findings of the research include: the purpose of rational education and educational principles according to John Dewey: deep learning, reconstruction, practicality of the method, organization of experience. Discipline, thinking, continuity, mutual influence, continuity, social control, freedom. And from Rumi's point of view: Cultivating the intellect, preserving the language and avoiding mocking others, keeping promises, establishing justice, the influence of circumstances on a person, Sa'ah al-Sadr, change of position, bounty, forgiveness, generosity, consultation, learning lessons, loyalty, justice. Also, the results of the method of rational education from Dewey's point of view: identifying the problem, building a hypothesis, creating a hypothesis, testing hypotheses, evaluating. And from Rumi's point of view: hypothesizing, self-calculation, suffering, learning a lesson, following an example, patience, calculation, mutual thinking, affection and love, the effect and effectiveness of experience. The last point is that in order to reach the gates of enlightenment and intellectual education, the stages of cultivation and refinement of existence must be followed correctly and the necessary insight and purity must be provided to acquire knowledge and cultivate intellect.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48926rational education conceptual model Rumi Dewey method.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-12152275291articleRashid Moradi Sakimoradirashid304@yahoo.com1Azam EtemadiFardAZ.Etemadifard@iau.ac.ir2abolghasem AsiMoznebmozneb1@iauyazd.ac.ir3PhD student of Quran and Hadith Sciences, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran<p>The aim of the current research is to provide solutions to deal with soft war, based on the principle of modesty in planning the home, based on the lifestyle of Imam Ali (a.s.) and Hazrat Zahra (s.a.). In the modern age, despite the progress of science, one of the basic harms of societies is the lack of peace and the lack of "modesty" in the planning of the home. became. In this article, with a brief overview of the concept of "modet and home management", and relying on the data mining method of texts and analysis of the documents in the biography of Imam Ali (AS) and Fatima (S), the solutions of the principle of modet in managing the home with the approach Soft defense, which includes: simple living, self-sufficiency in household affairs, support of wife's rights, luxury and beauty, performing duties towards home and family, identification, examination and explanation. The findings of the research, according to the verses of the Holy Quran and the traditions of the innocents (PBUH), show the fundamental importance of the principle of "modet" in planning the house.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48927Modet discretion home soft war.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-12152293307articleSeyyed Abolhassan Mousavi GhadamghahiTarannom110@gmail.com1mojgan sarsharSarshar2008@gmail.com2Seyyed Mohammad ayaziayazi1333@gmail.com3<p>This article aims to clarify the place of monotheism of love and monotheistic love in the Islamic lifestyle. For a long time, there has been a difference of opinion among Muslim thinkers about the place of wisdom and love in the Islamic lifestyle. A group considers Islamic life style based on wisdom and another group considers it based on the heart and other group considers it based on the both. In this article, first the concepts of monotheism of love and monotheistic love have been expressed and their places have been studied in the Holy Qur'an and authentic traditions. The findings of this research show that in the monotheistic approach that God is infinite love, He gives his infinite love to all beings, especially humans. As a result, in the Islamic lifestyle, the true believers, for the sake of Allah, fill their entire being with love for God and His creations. This is the same concept of monotheism of love and monotheistic love that true believers try their best to globalize and establish Islamic civilization based on them.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48928monotheism of love monotheistic love Quran hadiths the believer.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-12152309331articleNarges Mirzadehnargesmirzadeh93@gmail.com1Nader Mirzadeh Kuhshahimirzadeh@ut.ac.ir2<p>The aim of the current research is to identify the educational implications of Nahj al-Balagha on the indicators of effective work and activity in the Islamic lifestyle. This research has been done with a qualitative analytical-interpretive method and in a documentary way. The research community of Nahj al-Balagha and hadiths and the sample of research is those sermons, letters, wisdoms and hadiths that are mentioned directly or indirectly. Among the indicators of effective work and activity can be the behavioral model; Expertise and knowledge necessary for work; The power and ability to transfer professional skills to others; pure intention; thinking before doing work; the necessity of the hereafter; He mentioned laying the groundwork for effective work, taking advantage of opportunities, order and coherence in the stages of work, paying attention to the element of time in doing work, tolerance with people, compatibility of work with people's spirits, effort and diligence, the need to observe order and order in work. . The findings show that His Holiness' speech and performance express a practical and behavioral pattern and contain a practical educational system and have the ability to measure the quality and quantity of the effective work and activity system. which results in the design of a model derived from Nahj al-Balagheh in the field of work and effective activity..</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/48929Nahj al-Balagha work and effective activity qualitative implications of work educational implications of work work in Islamic lifestyle.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-12152333378articlehosseyn salehihosseynsalehi13@gmail.com1seyedyusef ahadiserkaniSY.ahadiserkani@iau.ac.ir2mohammadjavad sheykhm.sheikh@khu.ac.ir3Department of Accounting, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.Department of Accounting, Firuzkoh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firozkoh, IranDepartment of Accounting, Khawarizmi University, Tehran, Iran<p>The purpose of this study is to review the function of official judicial experts in order to correct expert theories in the field of accounting and auditing by identifying and analyzing the causes and factors affecting the reduction in the quality and effectiveness of professional investigations. The research is descriptive in terms of epistemology, fundamental in terms of orientation, and based on data-based theory in terms of strategy, and follows an inductive approach with an exploratory objective. The data were collected, analyzed, and interpreted using a mixed method in two qualitative and quantitative parts, namely semi-structured interviews, with purposive sampling and a researcher-made questionnaire, with simple random cluster sampling, during the period of 2023. The findings from the qualitative part of the study, while prioritizing the factors, emphasize ending the undesirable consequences resulting from the weakness in the function of expert investigations with both judicial and expert origins, as well as strengthening the social, judicial, and professional effects of accountants' work in the judicial system through the control and management of some intervening factors that affect this phenomenon. The results of the quantitative part of the research also confirmed the results of the qualitative part of the research in other cases, with the exception of the effect of some intervening factors on strategies.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/49221The Re-engineering Official Judicial Experts The Field of Accounting and Auditing.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-12152379399articleReza Ghadrdan Gharamalekir.ghadrdan@tabriziau.ac.ir1Farzin HaghParastf.haghparast@tabriziau.ac.ir2parisa hashempourp.hashempour@tabriziau.ac.ir3Tabriz Islamic Art University<p>As a container for human life, housing has a close relationship with ethics and lifestyle; The provision of many material and spiritual needs, lifestyle orientation and moral characteristics takes place at home. In the traditional houses, the place of architecture in the lifestyle was paid attention to by religious knowledge and architecture, and the architecture of the house represented the lifestyle and moral values of the Islamic society. Today, due to the invasion of the western lifestyle, the need to discuss how to use Islamic anthropology in the objective components of life, including lifestyle and architecture, is felt more than ever. In this article, after reviewing the concepts, two different views on the role of housing architecture in religious and modern lifestyles have been defined. Then, by comparative comparison between four cases of Qajar and Pahlavi period houses, these two views have been examined objectively and as evidence. With the arrival of the modern lifestyle in Iran, Islamic architecture and moral values in housing began to decline and gave way to modern and secular architecture, and other moral values that were effective in the Islamic lifestyle and architecture of traditional houses were not considered. The architecture of the house in the Pahlavi period was influenced by the modern lifestyle and the spaces of the house were formed not based on moral values, but based on financial facilities and consumerism; While the spaces of the traditional house were designed based on the components of the Islamic lifestyle, including ethics, and facilitated a religious life for the residents.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/49222Ethics in architecture Islamic lifestyle modern lifestyle Iranian house housing architecture.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اخلاقی (انجمن معارف اسلامی ایران)2383-32792383-32792024-12152401436articleSeyyed Javad Rezaeijavadrezaei@ymail.com1Ali Chekandi Nejadchahkandi@iaubir.ac.ir2saiyed mohammad razavis.m.razavi@yahoo.com3Department of Law, Faculty of Humanities, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran.<p>Kidnapping is considered one of the crimes against physical integrity, which is considered important in all criminal laws of the world, including in our country, as a crime with moral and criminal responsibilities and a heavier punishment than similar crimes. The punishment for kidnapping in the new law on reducing prison sentences approved in the year 2019 is divided into two parts regardless of aggravated qualities. This means that if committing the material element of the crime of kidnapping is accompanied by violence or threats, the punishment of 4th degree imprisonment is considered for the perpetrator or perpetrators, which depending on the quality of the crime and the amount of participation in it for the guilty person may be between 5 and 10 years imprisonment. If in some cases the age of the victim or abducted person is less than 15 years, it is a case of child abduction. If kidnapping is carried out by a vehicle, or physical or dignified harm is inflicted on the rescuer or the abducted person, the maximum punishment prescribed by law will be applied to the criminal or criminals. Therefore, this research has been formed with a descriptive-analytical method with the aim of investigating the contexts of social anomaly and heterogeneity with good and humane morals of the phenomenon of civil responsibility for the crime of kidnapping in Iranian jurisprudence and law. Assuming that Islamic jurisprudence respects human property and life, man and everything that belongs to him has value, and causing any damage to him or his belongings is a guarantee and must be compensated for. We came to the conclusion that in Iran's jurisprudence and law, for the crime of kidnapping, in addition to criminal responsibility and the type of criminal punishment resulting from kidnapping, there are two forms of punishment and punishment for the protection of human beings and prevention of crime, civil liability is also for compensating the loss in two forms of punishment and punishment. Is considered.</p>http://akhlagh.saminatech.ir/Article/49455social anomaly moral responsibility kidnapping civil responsibility criminal responsibility jurisprudence Iranian law.