Clarifying the ethical rule of the intrinsic value of the environment in the pleas of individuals regarding the nationalization of lands
Subject Areas : Ethics and Islamic EducationSoleiman Akbari 1 , Mitra Zarabi 2 * , Alireza Hasani 3
1 - Department of Law, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran
2 - Department of Law, Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damavand, Iran
3 - Department of Private Law, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
Keywords: environmental ethics, national lands, ownership, exceptions, green criminology,
Abstract :
Today, the moral foundations of the intrinsic value of the environment are a basis for the emergence of the right to the environment as one of the important issues in the international system and the domestic laws of countries. Problems such as global warming and hole in the ozone layer due to the cutting of forests and the loss of rare plants, environmental pollution, acid rain and reduction of water resources, in addition to the destruction of the environment, also threaten human life. Although environmental crimes are recognized as victimless crimes, they are rarely fully addressed. Having said that, in this research, attention is paid to the connection of this issue with the ownership of people and the nationalization of lands. People's ownership of their property has always been and still is important in all societies. From the past until now, the most complete objective right in our rights is the right to property, and this right has always been respected and honored, and no one can violate another's property right; The present research seeks to answer this question that in cases where the government (Natural Resources Department) in line with the implementation of the Nationalization of Forests and Ranges Law approved in 1962 and subsequent laws, by examining the history and measuring the location of a specific area of land with specific criteria and Pre-determined, the process of issuing a paper called "Determination Certificate" is carried out and it claims the ownership of the land. Is the burden of proving this claim on the government (natural resources department) or on the private owner of the property? In this context, the results of the research showed that the moral basis of the intrinsic value of the environment in the discussion of national lands is based on the creation of justice between the relationship between humans and lands, and the practice of ownership of individuals in two discussions, the fault and negligence of the government and the error of the executive officer in recognizing the exceptions are the most important factors. In the pleadings of individuals, they are against national lands.
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