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Open Access Article
1 - The basics of justice in theoretical and practical wisdom based on Islamic sources
Amir Hosain Imani Moghaddam Mahdi Imani Moghaddam abbas khademianIssue 3 , Vol. 14 , Spring 2024The purpose of the present research was to prove justice in the creative will and, accordingly, in the legislative will of God. This basic and theoretical research was done by analyzing data from the Holy Quran and Shia hadith sources. By analyzing the data, it was conc MoreThe purpose of the present research was to prove justice in the creative will and, accordingly, in the legislative will of God. This basic and theoretical research was done by analyzing data from the Holy Quran and Shia hadith sources. By analyzing the data, it was concluded that whether by rational method or by following the narration, the foundation of theoretical wisdom is based on the understanding of divine justice in development and based on the acceptance of this principle that values and prescriptions return to beings and non-beings. Therefore, the foundation of practical wisdom is based on theoretical wisdom. Therefore, the understanding of how divine justice flows in legislation is based on the understanding of moderation, both in the world of names and the levels of human worlds. On this basis and due to the correspondence of the perfect human being with the universe, a human being who is obliged to guide and lead others should be under the control of reason in perfect moderation of the powers of imagination and illusion and even senses, and no matter how successful he is in this matter. It can extend moderation to families, clans, and civilizations. As a result, the condition of any social reform act will be to accept the necessity of creating a reasonable moderation in youth and youth forces, as the creator of creation has manifested this moderation in his creation verses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The perfect movement of beings from Attar's point of view in Asrarnameh
Afsaneh Agha Hassani Mahabadi reza fahimi Manijeh FallahiIssue 3 , Vol. 14 , Spring 2024The purpose of creation in the philosophy of creation is to benefit the creatures. By getting close to the Lord, the main source of perfection and benefiting from him, creatures reach perfection and closeness to God. According to the divine order, all beings in the univ MoreThe purpose of creation in the philosophy of creation is to benefit the creatures. By getting close to the Lord, the main source of perfection and benefiting from him, creatures reach perfection and closeness to God. According to the divine order, all beings in the universe are moving towards the main origin, continuous and permanent movement.Every creature in the lower rank, with the veils of darkness, is perfected and promoted in the movement towards the higher rank.In this journey, the Ashraf of creatures tries to turn his abilities into reality through change and transformation, and by constantly observing his actions, by enduring hardship and extreme worldly patience, he actually travels in a deep journey and by passing From the world of plurals to the world of unity.The present study with a descriptive-analytical approach and library method seeks to examine Attar's view in Asrarnameh about the evolutionary movement of organisms, especially humans, with the quality of this journey.According to Attar, man, like other creatures, is constantly in dynamism, and his achievement in this journey is the enjoyment of divine love, the acquisition of the divine blessings of truth, and as a result the promotion of servitude to absolute perfection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Pleasure and ethics
alireza alebouyeh ali reza SHeikhIssue 3 , Vol. 14 , Spring 2024Undoubtedly, hedonism can completely encompass human life and give it a hedonistic meaning and concept. This issue has caused the question to be raised, to what extent is hedonism morally correct? And in the field of theory, what relation can it have with ethics? Can he MoreUndoubtedly, hedonism can completely encompass human life and give it a hedonistic meaning and concept. This issue has caused the question to be raised, to what extent is hedonism morally correct? And in the field of theory, what relation can it have with ethics? Can hedonism be justified and moral? The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical. The findings of the research indicate that the relationship between ethics and hedonism is drawn from the way of examining the idealism of pleasure and the nature of hedonism . Despite the fact that a group of moral philosophers have gone so far as to consider pleasure as an intrinsic good and consider the criterion of moral value and moral judgment to be dependent on it and have organized hedonistic ethics; But pleasure cannot be an intrinsic good and the criterion of moral value, and hedonistic actions can be considered moral only in some cases. According to Islamic teachings, Although pleasure is not an evil thing and the pleasures of the afterlife are real and original; However, it is not the ultimate purpose. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Scope and basics of humility in the New Testament
Fatemeh hajiakbari Hossein HeydariIssue 3 , Vol. 14 , Spring 2024The common and ultimate goal of Abrahamic Religions is the flourishing of moral virtues, among the most important of these virtues is reducing selfishness and arrogance, and deepening and promoting humility before creatures and their Creator. One of the characteristics MoreThe common and ultimate goal of Abrahamic Religions is the flourishing of moral virtues, among the most important of these virtues is reducing selfishness and arrogance, and deepening and promoting humility before creatures and their Creator. One of the characteristics of Christians according to the Holy Quran is their humility. From the point of view of Christians, the character of humility in the human heart is the cause and result of deep and lasting peace of mind, love of God and people, compassion and kindness towards everyone, while pride is one of the seven major sins and plays a unique role in the causal chain of sins. A study of humility in the New Testament in this paper shows that there is a deep dialectical relationship between the Christian belief foundations in the fields of theology, ontology, Christology and anthropology with behavioural patterns of Christian ethics. With descriptive and analytical methods, this article deals with the extent and range of examples and foundations of humility in the three: cognitive, emotional and behavioural dimensions in the New Testament and reviews the model of humility in the chain of Christian ethics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Investigating the concept of social justice in Sayyid Qutb's thought (a case study of Tafsir FiZhalal Al- Qur'an)
shahla darabpour reza shabani samghabadi javad heraviIssue 3 , Vol. 14 , Spring 2024From the point of view of Islam, justice is considered to be a fundamental principle and the most important element of society, as the philosophy of sending prophets to establish equity and justice among the people has been known, hence the subject of justice has always MoreFrom the point of view of Islam, justice is considered to be a fundamental principle and the most important element of society, as the philosophy of sending prophets to establish equity and justice among the people has been known, hence the subject of justice has always been one of the concerns of mankind and the central concepts and theorizing of many experts and philosophes. Sayyid Qutb is one of the Muslim thinkers in the 20th century who has investigated the dimensions of social justice in Islam. The purpose of this research; The investigation of what is the concept of social justice in Sayyid Qutb's thought is based on the book "Tafsir Fi Zhalal Al-Qur'an" and how he reached his theory of social justice from those foundations. In this article, using the analytical- descriptive method the concept of social justice in the Tafsir Fi Zhalal Al- Qur'an according to Sayyid Qutb will be investigated. The results of the research show that social justice in the Tafsir Fi Zhalal AlQur'an is not an unattainable ideal, but this justice is through the creation of a justly and ethical society to transform a Qur'anic teaching into the reality of human society, based on the commands of the Qur'an, which is originated of a comprehensive ideological concept, in which the justice is not unrelated to the life of man and society, but has a meaning beyond the government and ontological and must be fulfilled in the individual and social action. Therefore, Sayyid Qutb knew the way to fulfill social justice in the justice in the social relations between individuals, economic justice, distributive justice and justly governance and responsibility of humans, whish fulfill under the banner of divine commandments. And its obstacles are the transformation of the Quranic instructions into the whims and fancies, corruption, disobedience of divine commandments, and unjustly distribution. He consider his reform vision for the society based on the fulfillment of social justice and achieving Islam foundations, applying its legitimacy, perform the foundations and implementation of the Islamic government as one of the most important goals of the Quran has been his main aim. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Cause and effect relationship between ethics and environmental protection in Buddhism
Alireza SoleymanzadehIssue 3 , Vol. 14 , Spring 2024Different religions around the world have provided constructive solutions in the field of solving various human problems. Buddhism paid a lot of attention to the natural environment from the very beginning. Regarding the importance of the present research, it should be MoreDifferent religions around the world have provided constructive solutions in the field of solving various human problems. Buddhism paid a lot of attention to the natural environment from the very beginning. Regarding the importance of the present research, it should be noted that the researches that have been conducted on Buddhist religious texts have not paid much attention to the environmental views of this religion and have often investigated its philosophical, psychological and therapeutic aspects. Considering the many environmental problems that have critically threatened vegetative, bestial and human life, the contemporary world needs extensive research in the field of nature protection so that the experiences of other schools can be used. The main achievement of this research will be to show how Buddhism tries to preserve nature by linking ethics and environment.The current research will try to advance the research by using the historical research method and by referring to first-hand (original) and research sources.The results of the research also indicate that, according to Buddha, change is part of the nature of the environment; but moral vices (such as cruelty, avidity, hoarding, prodigality, burglary, arrogance, etc.) will speed up the destruction of the world as a cause and effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - he moral role of the Holy Quran in the health of the human body
Enayat SharifiIssue 3 , Vol. 14 , Spring 2024Physical health is considered as one of the other health along with spiritual, mental and social health in many systems and schools. Trying to explain an intellectual and cognitive system called "ethical system" consisting of three related and coherent elements; It is t MorePhysical health is considered as one of the other health along with spiritual, mental and social health in many systems and schools. Trying to explain an intellectual and cognitive system called "ethical system" consisting of three related and coherent elements; It is the plan, the basics and the principles, and it aims to improve and promote the spiritual health of human being with the water treatment method. Therefore, this research aims to answer the basic question of how the moral system of the Qur'an affects the human body and health through a descriptive and analytical method The moral system of the Qur'an with two methods; Prevention and treatment aim to ensure the health of the human body. Raising awareness, removing moral vices, observing hygiene and cleanliness in dimensions, cleanliness of the body and clothes, sexual hygiene and nutritional hygiene are among the preventive methods of the moral system of the Quran in the health of the body. are The treatment methods are divided into two parts: the treatment method through inner and spiritual means and the treatment method through external means. Piousness, peace of mind, prayer, Quran, prayer, repentance and asking for forgiveness are among the methods of inner means, and fasting, avoiding extravagance and overeating are also the most important material means for the health of the body. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Investigating the approach and ethical role of the media in preventing emotionalism in determining punishment
Javadollah Ghadami Shahrdad Darabi Sayed Mahmood MirKhaliliIssue 3 , Vol. 14 , Spring 2024Mass media's representation of crime، deviance، and disorder is one of the constant causes of concern at the community level. Because it causes fear and anxiety in the society. However، this traditional role of the media in representing norm-breaking events can be resto MoreMass media's representation of crime، deviance، and disorder is one of the constant causes of concern at the community level. Because it causes fear and anxiety in the society. However، this traditional role of the media in representing norm-breaking events can be restored according to some media-oriented theories such as the magic bullet theory and the theory of highlighting and selective writing، and it can play the role of a tool that also has crime prevention training. And also، a control tool on the emotions and inflammations of society after committing a crime. The current research، with an analytical-descriptive method based on library data، tries to achieve this goal، to what extent the media can moderate and control the inflammation and emotionalism caused by committing a crime، and against this role in determining the punishment of the effective offender. be realized the findings of this research show that the media can control the inflammatory atmosphere created in the society with the insinuations they give to the audience in their headlines and texts، and they can control the criminal justice system from a kind of common sense. release a criminal offense. Anyway، this research investigates the different roles of the media in feedback by representing the crime and also reconstructing or depicting the face of the criminal and finally examines this process in determining the punishment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Basics, principles and goals of sexual education in Islam and the West
Najibekhatun KarmiIssue 3 , Vol. 14 , Spring 2024Sexual education refers to a collection of teachings and the creation of situations and contexts that aim to familiarize individuals with guiding and regulating their sexual instincts. The purpose of this research is to discuss the fundamentals, principles, and goals of MoreSexual education refers to a collection of teachings and the creation of situations and contexts that aim to familiarize individuals with guiding and regulating their sexual instincts. The purpose of this research is to discuss the fundamentals, principles, and goals of sexual education in both Islamic and Western contexts. As civilizations advance, industrial technologies progress, and information networks and virtual spaces expand, individuals and societies face significant risks. Therefore, this research utilizes a descriptive-analytical approach to highlight the importance of timely sexual education in promoting public chastity, moderation in sexual desires, eliminating sexual discrimination, and ultimately fostering spiritual closeness to God. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Functions of the principle of dignity in criminal policies in the light of religious teachings
mohammad mirzaei Fatemeh AzimiIssue 3 , Vol. 14 , Spring 2024Since human dignity is considered as a right or a set of inalienable and transferable rights, which has many potentials and fields of development and legislation in rule-making or compiling basic principles in the field of management and it is crime control or criminal MoreSince human dignity is considered as a right or a set of inalienable and transferable rights, which has many potentials and fields of development and legislation in rule-making or compiling basic principles in the field of management and it is crime control or criminal policy, so it is considered to be able to play a constructive and effective role in the field of macro and strategic criminal policies in an extra-legal way. In the religious teachings of Islam, human dignity is not based on a contractual and creditable matter, but on the basis of an ontological, ethical and original matter, which originates from the essence of human creation and a subject of development based on divine decrees and in the legislative dimension. It is justified. Now the question is, with all these capacities, how can this issue be given a practical aspect in a religious government, in the context of criminal policies and in the field of crime management and control? In other words, what is the place and functions of dignity-orientation in criminal and criminal policies? In other words, what is the place and functions of dignity-orientation in criminal and criminal policies? The findings of this article, prepared with descriptive and analytical methods, state that the preservation of human dignity, which has a moral origin on the one hand, and is also the creator of many moral works, has the ability to be the most important pillar of criminal policies. To be known in the general sense and criminal policies in the special sense. Since this principle is the justification factor and existential basis for many criminal and moral institutions and mechanisms in the criminal justice system, such as the principle of equality, proportionality, amnesty, acquittal, equality of arms, caution, and so on, with redefinition The function of the rule of dignity, which this article examines, can change the macro and strategic policies of penal and criminal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Ragheb Esfahani's educational views in the book of Qayyim (Zariah Eli Makarem al-Sharia - an inductive educational study)
Omid Mustafa Abdullah Aziz Javanpour Heravi Mohammad Ali RabbipourIssue 3 , Vol. 14 , Spring 2024The knowledge of ethics among Muslims has faced different approaches, which has led to the emergence of different ethical and educational systems such as rational, mystical, transferable and integrated approaches. The integrated ethics approach has tried to use the priv MoreThe knowledge of ethics among Muslims has faced different approaches, which has led to the emergence of different ethical and educational systems such as rational, mystical, transferable and integrated approaches. The integrated ethics approach has tried to use the privileged capacities of the philosophical, mystical and narrative school and have a combined view of the science of ethics, one of whose leaders is Ragheb Esfahani. He has created a good link between the philosophical and religious approach in his valuable book al-Dhari'a al-Makaram al-Sharia. What can be understood from the discussion in the present research is that Ragheb emphasizes rationalism and considers reason to be the leader of sensual virtues and views reason as the head of a chain of moral virtues. The characteristic of Ragheb's discussions is the combination of philosophical and moral discussions with the verses of traditions and the religion of Islam. Ragheb Esfahani's moral theory should be considered among Platonic-Aristotelian virtue theories in terms of its overall structure. Nevertheless, its moral educational views have a completely Quranic content and are so embellished with Islamic verses and traditions that its philosophical flavor is less palpable. Ragheb's important initiative in the discussion of moral and educational virtues, which was taken from the Holy Quran, was to add the virtues of success, guidance, growth, affirmation and confirmation to the philosophical moral virtues. Despite Ragheb Esfahani's original and wonderful works and despite the deep works he left behind, he remains unknown and the reason for this is the deep influence of Ghazali on Ragheb's moral issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Pathology of the Ethical Approach in Social Media Marketing Activities in the University (Case of Study: Islamic Azad University)
Fatemeh Abolhasani targhi Seyed Hassan Hataminasab Mohammad SoltanifarIssue 3 , Vol. 14 , Spring 2024Social media as an emerging phenomenon in Iran has caused significant changes in all activities, especially in the field of educational services. According to their mission, universities and higher education centers always seek to attract students and then attract motiv MoreSocial media as an emerging phenomenon in Iran has caused significant changes in all activities, especially in the field of educational services. According to their mission, universities and higher education centers always seek to attract students and then attract motivation for specific actions and behaviors. The lack of native standard models for using social media marketing in the university has caused us to sometimes see problems in this field. Based on this, this research, after investigating the ethical problems of this activity, first through the method of qualitative approach and inductive content analysis, while conducting scientometrics, identifies the dimensions of social media marketing and localizes them using the Delphi method. Then, with the help of exploratory factor analysis, while verifying the groups of indicators of each dimension and verifying validity, it evaluates the current and desirable situation of these indicators and factors in Iranian universities. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative section of the articles of the Web of Science database during the 50 years ending in 2022 and in the qualitative section is selected experts and cultural assistants of universities across the country that were surveyed using the snowball method. The results show that the most important problems are related to the ethical approach in advertising and social media marketing policy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
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Ahmad Mohtasham Fakhroddin Soltani alireza rezaeiIssue 3 , Vol. 14 , Spring 2024
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Open Access Article
1 - The Criminology of Religious Terrorism in Shi'a Ethics
Sayed Mahmood MirKhaliliIssue 29 , Vol. 8 , Autumn 2017According to some writers, mid 1970s, with the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, a new generation of terrorism is being created and any liberation action in Shi'a governments of the Middle East, as a result of Iran's provocation and it is an example of religiou MoreAccording to some writers, mid 1970s, with the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, a new generation of terrorism is being created and any liberation action in Shi'a governments of the Middle East, as a result of Iran's provocation and it is an example of religious terrorism. So the authors of this article referring to historical facts and applied ethics, will show that what is now known as " Shi'a terrorism" is Origins in the term evangelical "holy assassination". Sanctuary from religious immorality as a result of fundamentalism Jewish thoughts and of Christianity and this term is the first time, in their religious books, they have come up against them and Islamic Shi'a Ethics, has offered her plans to forbid such behaviors. Ethical Implications Based on Imam's Behavior (Peace be upon them) and thus adhere to the teachings of the Holy Qur'an whereby all human beings are equal and the surprise of killing them, it is prohibited and prohibited with any excuse and motive Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Pathology of retaining factors of professional staff with organizational ethics approach in National Oil Company
gholamreza amjadi Karamolah Daneshfard Amir Hossein Mohammad DavoudiIssue 32 , Vol. 8 , Summer 2018This study focuses on pathology of retaining professional staff, identifying retaining factors and recognizing the present and pleasant situation of these factors in National Oil Company. Accordingly, reviewing the literature and using the experts’ ideas, factors and ef MoreThis study focuses on pathology of retaining professional staff, identifying retaining factors and recognizing the present and pleasant situation of these factors in National Oil Company. Accordingly, reviewing the literature and using the experts’ ideas, factors and effective components to retain professional staff were identified and the final research scheme (draft) was prepared in three stages, conducting the Delphi Technique. This is a descriptive study. The participants included 800 staff in National and Engineering Oil Company, of which 260 were selected through simple sampling Method using Morgan Table. Experts include 30 faculty members and Oil Company managers. The results show that retaining factors include organizational, individual and the cultural factors. Moreover, pair t-test shows that except for 3 components of ‘standards’ , ‘entrepreneurship orientation’ , and ‘identity’, there is a meaningful difference between the present & pleasant situation in the rest of components. According to Freedman Ranking, the present and pleasant situation, the components of conflict, the leadership method, the independency, the occupation scheme, and the risk are vulnerable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Effective Behavioural and Ethical Factors in Occupation and Decision Making of Financial Managers: An Empirical Application (Case study: Agriculture bank of Iran)
Majid Ashrafi Jamadverdi Gorganli Davaji Ali KhozainIssue 38 , Vol. 10 , Winter 2020Based on psychological theories, decision-making of managers are influenced by some inaccessible psychological and Behavorial factors that in order to make effective decisions, it needed to understand these factors. Unfortunately, in many cases, managers are not aware MoreBased on psychological theories, decision-making of managers are influenced by some inaccessible psychological and Behavorial factors that in order to make effective decisions, it needed to understand these factors. Unfortunately, in many cases, managers are not aware of this issue, and as a result of their lack of management of their feelings, they unconsciously make mistakes. One of the effective solvation is hellping of new science in accounting named behavorial finance .The present research is conducted in the field of individuals and explores various psychological and Behavorial factors that affected in decision making of financial managers in the banking system.This research is a step-by-step with a qualitative-quantitative approach, which is conducted in most of the questionnaires, so that using of Smart-Pls, with the help of AHP techniques, it will rank the effective psychological variables in selection of financial managers and decision making of them. The results indicate that inheritance, personality, acquisition and social factors influence people's decision making so that variables: having confidence, managing and controlling stress, person's responsibility and having mental abilities in finding innovative solutions, having emotional intelligence (EQ), are the psychological factors that effected in kind of decision making of financial manager. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Role of Ethics in Implementation of Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) by Companies Acquired in Tehran Stock Exchange
Jamal Mohammadi Ali KhozainIssue 32 , Vol. 8 , Summer 2018The new language of financial reporting in the new age is Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL). It is a powerful tool, efficiency and effectiveness of the financial reporting process makes it easy. And process data acquisition and transparency in the disclosure MoreThe new language of financial reporting in the new age is Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL). It is a powerful tool, efficiency and effectiveness of the financial reporting process makes it easy. And process data acquisition and transparency in the disclosure improves. The present study examines the role of ethics in implementing the extensible business reporting language (XBRL) by listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange.The method of the research is descriptive – correlation.The study Statistical Society is financial managers of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange and is a member of the Iranian Association of Certified Public Accountants, Among all subjects 120 participants were selected by simple random sampling .The data gathering tool was a questionnaire.In order to analyze the data, binomial test, t test, Wilcoxon test, one sample, and Kolmogrov-Smirnov test were used.The findings of the research show that ethics is effective in accelerating the implementation of the Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) by listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange. The factors: environmental, organizational, corporate governance, and Technology are Influencing Financial Reporting in Implementing This Language.Since there is no legal requirement for implementation of the Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) for listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange, ethics as the main factor can be effective in implementing this financial reporting language in order to clarify the information. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Office Health in the Light of Islamic Supervision and Control, with Comparison to Iranian Office System
Hossein HabibiTabarIssue 32 , Vol. 8 , Summer 2018Office Health is among the issues with ethical bases in Islamic office ethics, with several elements engaging in the design of this ethical model. One of these elements is supervision and control. Having a glance over the state of supervision and control in the country MoreOffice Health is among the issues with ethical bases in Islamic office ethics, with several elements engaging in the design of this ethical model. One of these elements is supervision and control. Having a glance over the state of supervision and control in the country one acknowledges that it suffers many problems. Obviously, the rate of corruption and infractions in executive offices and organizations has a direct relation with the weakness of supervision and control system. Failures in fulfilment of organizational goals, low Productivity rate, client dissatisfaction and low financial-office health are observed as some signs of illness and corruption of Iranian offices. This is while office health, supervision and control are important issues in Islamic viewpoint. Considering the importance of the subject, the objective of this article is to survey office health with Islamic supervision and control with comparison to Iranian office system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The preference of inner will for the apparent will in interpreting business contracts based on moral justification
hossein moridifar Reza Sokooty nasimi Naser MasoudiIssue 32 , Vol. 8 , Summer 2018Contract interpretation is one of the problem areas in the contracts. There are many basics for interpreting the contract. Approximately the principles of interpretation have been considered in various legal systems. One of the principles presented for interpreting the MoreContract interpretation is one of the problem areas in the contracts. There are many basics for interpreting the contract. Approximately the principles of interpretation have been considered in various legal systems. One of the principles presented for interpreting the contract is the discovery of the truth based on the will of the parties. It is customary to create conflict between the will of the individuals (dominant and externally) in the field of contracts. Conflict arises from the real and declared will of individuals. In most legal systems, contract interpretation and conflict resolution are preferable to real and inner will, in such a way that if true, the true intention of the parties is other than that which has been expressed, the real will will be preferred, which ethics also accepts. And this issue has been accepted in jurisprudence, Iranian law and EU law. On the other hand, English law has a different approach to these systems, although it is possible that ethics will not accept this interpretation in some cases. In the current research, regardless of the views of researchers in this field, the actual and internal will, with moral justification, is preferred to the will expressed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Jurisprudential and ethical analysis of business risk and comparing it to Garar with an emphasis on general rules of revenue generating risk
Seyyed Mohammad Sadegh Mousavi Ruhollah RaisiIssue 32 , Vol. 8 , Summer 2018"With technological development and increasing needs of societies, new economical transactions have been formed in societies in which risk has been embedded in the heart of these transactions. Risk in its literal meaning is “The danger resulting from uncertainty about a More"With technological development and increasing needs of societies, new economical transactions have been formed in societies in which risk has been embedded in the heart of these transactions. Risk in its literal meaning is “The danger resulting from uncertainty about a possible occurrence of an incident in future”. Risk is a necessity for most of national and international commercial activities. In addition, in ethical perspective, humans’ development in individual, social, and economical, etc. aspects are guided by human’s behavior and decisions. It is obvious that realization of this aim is possible in certain and usual situations. However, in risky situations where a human is uncertain about or unaware of the consequences of his action, it seems difficult to make a decision that is in line with ethical norms. Hence, the present study in addition to analyzing business risk and comparing it to Gharar , aims at answering this fundamental question: what are the fundamentals of jurisprudential legitimacy and ethical narrative of revenue generating risk? The current study by using a descriptive-analytical method will show that: first, Gharar arises from ignorance or risks related to the pillars of contract and its outcome in transactions is the unfair increase in ones’ wealth to the detriment of the other one in the contract. However, risk in business is related to the future of invested capital and it has no relation with pillars of contract. Meanwhile, any profit or loss from business risk is a consequence of economic changes in supply and demand. Second, legitimacy of revenue risk as the superstructure can be inferred from the analysis of general jurisprudential rules on revenue generating risk with the centrality of the rule “Al-kharaj bial-ziman (profits against liability)”. Third, in ethical perspective, a risk is considered legitimate if it is taken wisely and fairly and is based on individual and social interests. " Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Developing Critical Thinking Skills in Multicultural Learning Environments Based on Constructivism
iraj hidari Mohammad sifie hosain moradimoklesIssue 36 , Vol. 9 , Summer 2021Today, the proper and effective use of multimedia learning environments requires the design, compilation, and integration of the components of the field of science education. One of the main components that has been overlooked in these softwares is the critical thinking MoreToday, the proper and effective use of multimedia learning environments requires the design, compilation, and integration of the components of the field of science education. One of the main components that has been overlooked in these softwares is the critical thinking component. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the curriculum of the sixth elementary school curriculum based on the constructivist approach (Van Morinbour's multimedia model) and its impact on critical thinking skills in two interpretive and inferential areas. This research was carried out in two phases. In the first phase, the curriculum was designed and prepared with the emphasis on interpretive and inferential skills based on the Van Mearburn multimedia model. In the second stage, the effect of the application of the educational package prepared on the basis of interpretive and inferential skills was assessed by semi-experimental and based on pre-test and post-test design. The results showed that the teaching of thinking and research based on the educational package prepared on experimental and experimental inferential skills had a significant effect (P <0.05). According to the results of the research, the application of the curriculum of thinking and research with constructivist approach increases the skills of critical thinking in two areas of interpretive skill and inferential skills of learners Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Explaining the Basics and Principles of Ethical Education in Allameh Faiz Kashani's Thoughts
hasan malaki sayyed sadroddin shariaty soghra ebrahimi qavam alireza sadeghiIssue 36 , Vol. 9 , Summer 2021The purpose aims to explain the basis and principles of ethical education in Allameh Faiz Kashani's ideas and thoughts. This research is qualitative and for achieving the research goals, documentary analytical method has been used.In order to collect information about e MoreThe purpose aims to explain the basis and principles of ethical education in Allameh Faiz Kashani's ideas and thoughts. This research is qualitative and for achieving the research goals, documentary analytical method has been used.In order to collect information about education, the factors of research, namely, ethics, principles and foundations of the important work of education of Malahmansen Feyz Kashani (RA), namely, "Mahajat al-Bayaza Fi Tazzib al-Huhia", and other research in this field have been used; this means that first identification and collection of required resources along with snapping and recording the desired topics have been done;Then the data was categorized and finally analyzed. The findings showed that the foundations of ethical education included (moral variability, interconnectedness of religion and ethics, comprehensive moderation, ethics hierarchicality, motivation of the subject and intention), and the principles of moral education from the perspective of Allameh Faiz Kashani (the principle of protection and care for Prayer, the principle of protection and care for fast, the principle of financial dedication, the principle of paying attention to the rights of others, the principle of reforming the conditions, the principle of gradual excellence, the resort and spiritual relationship with Imams (AS).Accordingly, officials and educational planners at different levels, according to the results of the present study, have to take steps towards the provision of instructions, books that can be used in educational instruction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Explaining Islamic-Iranian Patterns of Education Based on Educational Options by Mulla Sadra
Somayyeh Marhaba Najmeh Vakili Mohsen ImaniIssue 36 , Vol. 9 , Summer 2021Education is one of the issues that has been paid special attention to religious and non-religious philosophies for a long time. It is important to study the Islamic-Iranian model for the development of human beings in the science of education. The Islamic-Iranian patte MoreEducation is one of the issues that has been paid special attention to religious and non-religious philosophies for a long time. It is important to study the Islamic-Iranian model for the development of human beings in the science of education. The Islamic-Iranian pattern is a theoretical model with normative function. This pattern can be presented in mathematical or logical language and it is necessary to use the methods of today's science to explain complex matters. Islamic-Iranian theory is a theory based on the principles of Islam's insight and within the framework of Islamic ethics and law and is in accordance with Iran's conditions. The study of Mulla Sadra's thoughts suggests that in the thought of Mulla Sadra, man has a vertical movement and flow in the levels of existence. Sadra's anthropology is the point of convergence between religious, ethical, philosophical and mystical anthropology, according to ontological and epistemological foundations, such as the originality of existence, the essential motion, etc., the comprehensiveness of man according to the different degrees and categories, which are the lowest Levels, ie, Jimdi, begin to the last stage, namely, immortality, rational thinking and rational perception. So it deserves to reach the highest degree of being or to be at the lowest level with the opportunity of burning. Manuscript profile
