The hadith of wisdom and ignorance is one of the important moral and educational hadiths which has expressed the armies of wisdom and ignorance under the title of virtues and vices. The important point of the hadith is that the number of soldiers of wisdom and ignorance stated in the text of the narration is more than seventy-five, which has been specified at the beginning of the narration; as in some narrations, the number of soldiers of wisdom and ignorance has been mentioned as 78, 80, 81, 82 or 83. Although great commentators such as Mirdamad have made a mistake in the number, and Mulla Sadra Shirazi has ignored on the number 75, but on the contrary, some great commentators of hadith, including Sheikh Baha'i, Feyz Kashani, Sharif Shirazi, have considered semantic synonymy by quoting some words in the text of the narration. They have attributed this to the mistake of narrators and amanuenses, or near and secret meanings. Some others, such as Mullah Saneh Mazandarani, Mullah Khalil Qazvini, Allameh Majlisi, have emphasized the lack of semantic synonymy. The present article, while expressing the different views of the commentators and aggregating the sources of hadith, has introduced and explicated the moral propositions and their critique, and believes that due to the differences between the sources and the manuscripts of hadith, the moral propositions are beyond the justification of semantic synonymy. Therefore, we consider the theory of lack of semantic synonymy acceptable and believe that no mistake has been made by the Imam (as), amanuenses and narrators of hadith. Rather, the narration of wisdom and ignorance seeks to express the concept of number and mention the abundance and principles of moral and educational propositions under the two general titles of wisdom and ignorance, and good and evil.
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