اصول اخلاقی

Open Access Article

1 - Security Policy Analysis in the Light of Human Rights
Eslam Mondani Mohammad Ashouri

Security orientation is a strategy the admissible and successful influence of which on the dominant area of criminal policy in the society implicates consistency and agreement with restrictive human rights criteria as well as adherence to privacy and inherent dignity of More

Security orientation is a strategy the admissible and successful influence of which on the dominant area of criminal policy in the society implicates consistency and agreement with restrictive human rights criteria as well as adherence to privacy and inherent dignity of human beings. Thus, in case the security orientation discourse fails to ensure the human rights principles underlined by the international law for any reason, then it may not be considered a justified policy as it would face failure and defeat in the battle in the long run. Taking into account the various temporal and spatial cirumstances and adhering to the contents of international documents and conventions are propositions considered as the main provision for positive consequence of the quality of interaction between security-oriented criminal policy and human rights principles and criteria which may contribute significantly to obviation of many obstacles blocking such interaction. This article seeks to address the question on the status of interaction between human rights principles and the security-oriented system of thought and to discover, in general, the human rights restriction on this pattern. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - constitutionial and jurisprudential buoldings provide a judgs knowledge as a conflict of interest and evidence
مهدی بهره مند ahmadreza tavakoli mohammadhadi mahdavi

In this paper, the conflict between the judge's knowledge and other evidence of legal proof with an approach to the jurisprudential and ethical principles has been investigated. In the process of this research, the ethical, legal and jurisprudential issues and concepts More

In this paper, the conflict between the judge's knowledge and other evidence of legal proof with an approach to the jurisprudential and ethical principles has been investigated. In the process of this research, the ethical, legal and jurisprudential issues and concepts in the direction of realization of the research foundations and the subject are presented and according to The moral principles, jurisprudential arguments, and the principled rules of the authority of the judge's knowledge have been violated, with the statement that when claims with supposed arguments such as confessions and binetry that are incompletely explicable can be proved, then the first is the knowledge of the judge who has the whole Kashfit Is true. Therefore, during the process of hearing and issuing a vote, the necessity and necessity of realizing the persuasion of the judge's conscience is inevitable for the discovery of the truth, and this persuasion is based on moral standards such as patience, justice, justice, equality, and so on. Why The lack of these matters can be a barrier to the judge's knowledge of his conscience, for example, a judge who does not have a moral and social justice, will not be the judge of justice in the first instance. The priority of science has been proved by the judge's suspect and prioritization of Binet and the Emirates, Rahjān and the priority of the judge's knowledge. After verifying the priority of the judge's knowledge, based on the principles of jurisprudence and ethics that underlie their judgments, they can be innovated and redistributed. This study, as a judge and court judge, especially where the legislator has held silence as a conflict, finds that the judge can handle the priority of judge's judgment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Takeli on the institution of impunity for punishment according to the aims of moral punishment and considerations
mahmood malmir

One of the fundamental institutions in the Islamic penal code is the legal justification for impunity. This issue, which creates a boundary between Islamic law and secular rights, has long been the subject of attention by lawyers, criminologists and psychologists. The r More

One of the fundamental institutions in the Islamic penal code is the legal justification for impunity. This issue, which creates a boundary between Islamic law and secular rights, has long been the subject of attention by lawyers, criminologists and psychologists. The rights of the perpetrators It is considered that punishment is considered a legal issue, and criminologists, with a causal view of their consequences and consequences, in line with the goals of criminal psychology and educational approach, are a deterrent and prospective factor associated with the principles, foundations and objectives of punishment. Criminological Assistance Subject to Exemptions from Keeper in Respect of Goals The use of punishments and arbitrary institutions is one of the achievements of modern criminology in criminal law to assist in the criminalization of individuals' socialization and personal and social support, as reflected in new criminal laws. In this regard, criminal law shows a significant correlation with the use of jurisprudence and other sciences, including criminology, psychology and sociology, and, of course, ethical considerations in scientific and supportive dimensions. In the meantime, ethics and its relation to rights are the main and most commonly discussed issues in the philosophy of law. The impact of morality on criminal law has always been a controversial issue in both criminality and the determination of punishment. Nonetheless, attention to moral principles and considerations is one of the most important reasons for emphasizing impunity. Through respect and trust, one can influence the will of the criminal and prevent the repetition of the crime. Also, some of the conditions that the legislator has in Article 38 And the 39th Criminal Code, approved 92 (for example, honorary motivation, good record, etc.), is consistent with ethical considerations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Identification and validation of ethical principles and professional conduct of lawyers according to client
vali shirpour

20.1001.1.23833279.1399.10.39.6.8

The present study aimed to Identification and validation of ethical principles and professional conduct of lawyers according to clients. In this investigation, two methods of documentary and survey analysis have been used. The research community consists of: (a) Books, More

The present study aimed to Identification and validation of ethical principles and professional conduct of lawyers according to clients. In this investigation, two methods of documentary and survey analysis have been used. The research community consists of: (a) Books, references, and written and electronic resources in the field of law and attorney, which were reviewed in order to achieve the ethics and ethical codes of conduct of the attorneys at law; b) The second group consists of clients (those who have selected at least one time an attorney at the law) in Ardebil province. The sample society was 50 persons who were randomly selected from among the individuals referred to the courts in Ardebil, Meshkinshahr and Parsabad cities, which had a judicial case and attorney case. Data collectio tools were a form of taking notes and a researcher-made questionnaire. The reliability of the Cronbach's alpha formula was 0.83. To analyze the data obtained from the texts, qualitative and cognitive analysis was used to analyze the data from the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including one sample t-test were used. The results of the investigation showed that the most important ethics of attorneys include: observance of the limits of powers in the court, not disturb in the court session, pursuit the prosecution, honesty, protection of the clients' secrets, non-use of immoral ways, explicit declaration and clarity of the lawer' Honorarium Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Investigating the Position of Women's Rights in the Citizenship Bill with an Emphasis on Women's Political Rights
Arezoo Hosseinieh Ali Hajipour Kanderud

20.1001.1.23833279.1399.10.40.6.0

Citizenship Charter Reflects Government Concern Over Public Awareness on Citizenship and Proposes Respect for Human Rights. In this regard, one of the most important pillars of the civil rights charter is the issue of women's rights. The purpose of the present study is More

Citizenship Charter Reflects Government Concern Over Public Awareness on Citizenship and Proposes Respect for Human Rights. In this regard, one of the most important pillars of the civil rights charter is the issue of women's rights. The purpose of the present study is to investigate and analyze the level of attention to women's citizenship rights in the context of the Citizenship Charter. The above study shows that women's citizenship rights are accepted in the Charter of Citizenship to an acceptable extent, but there is no guarantee of proper implementation on the one hand and some practical challenges and on the other hand desirable and realistic research of women's rights in Iran with serious obstacles. Is facing Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Adherence to the ethics of the application of information technology in the prevention of the state of the fixed crimes
behroz saki Sayed Mahmood MirKhalili Syed Hosein hashemi

20.1001.1.23833279.1399.11.41.7.6

Criminal law prevention is one of the principles of criminal justice policy; the crime prevention process comprises a series of criminal and non-criminal actions in the legislative, judicial and administrative areas. Behaviors committed in the territory of a registrar i More

Criminal law prevention is one of the principles of criminal justice policy; the crime prevention process comprises a series of criminal and non-criminal actions in the legislative, judicial and administrative areas. Behaviors committed in the territory of a registrar in violation of the laws and regulations of this jurisdiction shall be considered as criminal offenses. Prevention measures, like any other crime, are also considered. In a penal system, how to prevent crime by its type and its proportion to the crime committed, as well as its efficiency and success, are issues that have always been addressed by those involved; using crime prevention strategies. The situation can provide the best, most effective and most comprehensive way of preventing criminal offenses, so we have attempted in this article to examine various methods of preventive and explain them in the realm of the criminal offenses specifically and objectively. Learn about the application of information technology in this field and its implementation process in Iran and on the other hand analyze and evaluate Quality creative and privacy of individuals in the use of information technology in situational prevention of crime, we will register. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Designing a Model of Managing organizational Polotical Behavior With Ethical Approach in Public Sector Banking industry
farzad ramezani rad Mahmood RezaeiZade Davood Kiakojouri Mehran Mokhtari Bayekolaei

20.1001.1.23833279.1399.11.42.3.4

the purpose of this study was to design a model of organizational political behavior management with an ethical approach in the public sector banking industry. For this purpose, after reviewing the literature and theoretical foundations of the research, it has been done More

the purpose of this study was to design a model of organizational political behavior management with an ethical approach in the public sector banking industry. For this purpose, after reviewing the literature and theoretical foundations of the research, it has been done using a mixed technique (content analysis and structural equations). In this research, in the qualitative section, using the content analysis technique to examine the opinions of 15 experts who are successful bosses and exemplary managers in the banking sector of the public sector at the level of the country's ranks and headquarters through open and in-depth interviews (semi-structured) Snowball sampling was performed. In order to obtain validity and evaluate the strength of the extracted data from the interview, transferability, reliability and verification criteria were used. Data extracted from interviews conducted by thematic analysis method, as 164 open codes (concepts) and 4 pivotal (category) in seven factors in two categories of organizational political behavior and management of organizational political behavior with the approach of ethical principles using MAXQDA software analysis and analysis Were And the research model was drawn from the software output. In a small section, using the questionnaire and after measuring the reliability and reliability and reliability, 365 employees of Bank Melli and Sepah employees based in Tehran province's branches and headquarters were examined by classification method and random sample. Then, using LIZREL software and confirmatory factor analysis technique (CFA), the effect of organizational political behavior management with the approach of ethical principles on the six identified factors of the occurrence of organizational political behavior was examined. And it has the greatest impact on personal factors (individual and moral). And to confirm the proposed model of the final model, structural equation modeling with PLS software was used. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Alignment of jurisprudence and ethics with the assumption of observing the limits in corporal punishment of children
Sadegh Fani Maleki Ahmad mirkhalili

20.1001.1.23833279.1400.11.44.7.6

According to the jurisprudential sources, the principle of corporal punishment of children has been prescribed and according to this, the legislator of the Islamic Republic of Iran, in Article 1179 of the Civil Code, has accepted the corporal punishment of children by t More

According to the jurisprudential sources, the principle of corporal punishment of children has been prescribed and according to this, the legislator of the Islamic Republic of Iran, in Article 1179 of the Civil Code, has accepted the corporal punishment of children by their parents. At first glance, it is thought that corporal punishment of a child is a behavior contrary to moral standards, and this jurisprudential ruling is in conflict with moral principles. The purpose of this study is to correct this basic view and to prove the principle of permissibility of corporal punishment of children from two perspectives of jurisprudence and ethics and to determine its permissible scope, to prove the non-confrontation of jurisprudence and ethics in this field. That is, corporal punishment in jurisprudence on the one hand is limited to its amount, type and severity, and on the other hand, the age of the child, the position and motivation of the discipline are also considered as permissible limits, and by observing these restrictions, not the ruling It is not permissible in jurisprudence to oppose the principles of ethics, but it is completely in harmony with it. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - A Study of Ethical Principles in Judicial Oversight in Iranian and British Law
Hashem Pouran Fard Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Ghamami Vali Rostami

20.1001.1.23833279.1400.12.45.5.9

Ethical principles are of particular importance in judicial oversight. The value and importance of ethics for the organization is very significant and this issue has a special place in judicial supervision. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the ethi More

Ethical principles are of particular importance in judicial oversight. The value and importance of ethics for the organization is very significant and this issue has a special place in judicial supervision. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the ethical principles in judicial supervision in Iranian and British law, which was addressed in this study. In this study, judicial supervision and its principles in Iranian and British law were examined Then, the moral principles in Iranian and British law were discussed. According to the findings, the moral principles in Iranian law are the principle of honesty, the principle of trustworthiness, the principle of openness, the principle of fairness, the principle of disregard for prohibition; But in English law, the ethical principles of judicial oversight include illegality and the issue of disqualification, the rationality of action, non-compliance with legal procedures, legal procedures and the principles of natural justice. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Ethical Approaches in Determining Blood Money and Arsh based on Medical Priorities
Narges Dehghani Mohammad Rasoul Ahangaran Maryam Naghdi Dorobati Karim Salehi

20.1001.1.23833279.1401.13.49.3.2

Determining the blood money and Arsh in terms of the type and rate of crimes and their complications is one of the common duties of forensic medicine and the judicial system. Therefore, the forensic physicians’ opinions by observing the principles of medical science an More

Determining the blood money and Arsh in terms of the type and rate of crimes and their complications is one of the common duties of forensic medicine and the judicial system. Therefore, the forensic physicians’ opinions by observing the principles of medical science and adhering to the ethical approaches related to medicine and law fields can be an opening way to better implement of justice and realize the material, spiritual and moral rights of the victim . The present study, with a descriptive-analytical method and with the aim of investigating the contradictory cases of determining blood money based on medical science and observing ethical standards, first expressed the relationship between ethics and jurisprudence, law and forensic medicine and then analyzed the examples of these contradictory cases. As a result, it is necessary to revise the laws related to blood money by crossing the channel of the requirements of the time and taking into account the approaches of modern science and observing spiritual and moral principles in order to compensate material and spiritual damages caused by physical and mental injuries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - The role of moral principles in climate obligations from the perspective of international law
Reza Maleki Masoud Raee Dehghi

20.1001.1.23833279.1402.13.52.7.6

Despite the existence of a legal regime to deal with climate change in the current era, the various consequences of climate change are increasing rapidly and the most negative effects are on the poor and marginalized people around the world. Considering the ineffectiven More

Despite the existence of a legal regime to deal with climate change in the current era, the various consequences of climate change are increasing rapidly and the most negative effects are on the poor and marginalized people around the world. Considering the ineffectiveness of the government's legal responsibility institution in meeting climate commitments, what practical solutions can be considered to deal with this challenge? It seems that considering the uneven path of the legal system of international responsibility to deal with climate change, from the Structural Convention to Paris, it is possible to resort to the moral responsibility of governments by validating moral principles. In this article, with a descriptive and analytical method, after examining the legal regime of climate change and its challenges, ethical principles and its relationship with obligations related to climate change are discussed as a practical solution to deal with climate change. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - The moral principles of the Prophet (PBUH) in wars based on the history of the Prophet (PBUH) and the Qur'an
mahdi abedi Mohamadreza Hosseni Mohammad taher yaghoub

Ethics and moral principles are one of the important aspects of Islam and are of great importance. Therefore, in the Holy Qur'an, one of the goals of the mission of the Prophet (PBUH) is to educate and teach wisdom, and since the Prophet (PBUH) was in charge of the sove More

Ethics and moral principles are one of the important aspects of Islam and are of great importance. Therefore, in the Holy Qur'an, one of the goals of the mission of the Prophet (PBUH) is to educate and teach wisdom, and since the Prophet (PBUH) was in charge of the sovereignty of the Islamic religion, he behaved ethically and adhered to moral principles at various times. Among the scenes in which the Prophet was placed were times of war when they tried to observe moral principles What is considered in this article is what kind of behavior the Prophet (pbuh) had when he was in different scenes of war, and in fact, this issue is examined through the Qur'an and the historical biography of the Prophet (pbuh). What is obtained from this research is that, contrary to the opinion of the Orientalists who interpreted the Prophet's campaigns based on violence and gaining booty, the Prophet adhered to moral principles in his wars and tried his best to perform moral actions such as They should teach Muslims compassion and kindness, keeping promises, patience and perseverance, etc. Manuscript profile

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