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Open Access Article

1 - United Nations Sanctions Against the International Criminal Court Cooperation: The Impact of Ethical Principles Caused by Human Rights
Mohammad seyed ghasem zamani hasan savari mahdi hadavand

The Security Council has, since 1966, exercised its authority to impose international sanctions and in response to the threat to international peace and security, has imposed 26 sanctions regimes against 21 countries, as well as organizations, terrorist organizations an More

The Security Council has, since 1966, exercised its authority to impose international sanctions and in response to the threat to international peace and security, has imposed 26 sanctions regimes against 21 countries, as well as organizations, terrorist organizations and groups. Currently, 13 regimes from the 26 regimes in the areas of hostilities, nuclear proliferation and terrorism are still active. Each regime is run by a sanctions committee headed by a non-permanent member of the Security Council. The author examines the regime of terrorist sanctions, which is generally linked to justice and ethical rules derived from human rights doctrines. The moral mechanisms behind international criminal justice and the United Nations terrorist sanctions regime are tightly intertwined, to a point where friction sometimes occurs. The coordinated relationship between them is in the interest of both institutions and is in line with their goals. According to the author, for this purpose, it is necessary to take several steps. The proposal to establish a Security Council subcommittee with a special mission "Review Mutual Reciprocal Institutions" along with observance of the ethical rules derived from human rights doctrines is in this regard Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Criminological analysis of hypoglycemia and its impact on criminal behavior
صفورا محمد صالحی

Blood sugar lessening is dangerous and can be resulted from diabetes treatment when person’s blood sugar level comes to less than 70 milligramme in deciliter. Disorder in Hypoglycemia (blood sugar lessening) increases the adrenalin hormone in the body and causes some s More

Blood sugar lessening is dangerous and can be resulted from diabetes treatment when person’s blood sugar level comes to less than 70 milligramme in deciliter. Disorder in Hypoglycemia (blood sugar lessening) increases the adrenalin hormone in the body and causes some symptoms such as increasing heartbeat, getting hungry, vertigo (dizziness), quivering (trembling), convulsions, anxiety, depression, sleepiness, faintness, severely being stimulated, myonicity, myasthenia, sweating hands and feet severely, aggressiveness, personality disorder, getting psychopath, negative thoughts and losing the essential awareness for making decision. Therefore the amount of blood sugar is not controlled well and causes a decrease in diabetic’s body defense power against stress and infectious diseases. Since this kind of disease is related to the inside of the person’ body, one might be affected by Hypoglycemia and commit a crime while he is not aware of his problem and its effects. Criminally, the enquiry of these factors is of great significance since it results in behavioral abnormalities in diabetics and paves the way for committing crimes. So, the judge must pay attention to this affair which might have occurred at the result of diabetes and accept his defense and identify him either innocent of penal accountability or not fully accountable in respect of illness faintness or its severity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The senses of citizenship obligation at criminal law of iran
Abbas Zera,at Meysam Nematollahi

Citizens as a part of society has rights that nowadays known as citizenship rights ,so that the citizens because of its presence and active role at making and management of society has obligation and duty ,so that in all of the public law area for citizen some duty has More

Citizens as a part of society has rights that nowadays known as citizenship rights ,so that the citizens because of its presence and active role at making and management of society has obligation and duty ,so that in all of the public law area for citizen some duty has recognized ,but that which has the citizen at criminal law with due attention to sovereigntialitical nature of criminal law has dutes which does not acting citizens can use criminal sanctions. With review of criminal law can say that the citizen at criminal law as other area of public law has duty ,the duty to impeach the crime and to be witness and the duty to presence at court are some duty that can mention beside the knowledge of law and care of citizen health. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Criminal Sanction of infringement of Trade Secrets, in the imamiyya Jurisprudence, Iranian and united states Laws
ali bigzadeh Jafar Kousha seyed bagher mirabbasi

Trade secrets are among the most valuable branches of intellectual property, which, like material possessions, need to be protected from any aggression or abuse of individuals. Therefore, the preservation and protection of trade secrets has led most developed and develo More

Trade secrets are among the most valuable branches of intellectual property, which, like material possessions, need to be protected from any aggression or abuse of individuals. Therefore, the preservation and protection of trade secrets has led most developed and developing countries to formulate special legal rules for the criminal protection of this valuable asset. In this article, following the disclosure of intellectual property, trade secrets and its taxes, and some concepts related to this issue, and finally the evaluation of the criminal protection of trade secrets from the perspective of Imamiyya jurisprudence, the rights of Iran and the United States have been investigated. The results indicate that the opposition of the jurisprudents to the principle of intellectual property protection lacked legal reasoning and did not explicitly mention the criminal law, and that Iran's right to full protection of trade secrets was ineffective and weak, but American law and practice in this country have a favorable criminal law protection for any kind of infringement of trade of the development of this article.secrets. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Theories of Reformal Moral of Incarceration (Imprisonment) in Juvenile Justice System of Iran and England
Seyedeh Amaneh Bani Hashemi Kohanki Mojtaba Farahbakhsh Ahmad

The present study investigated the freedom-depriving penalties in legal system of Iran and England. It was suggested that incarceration of juveniles should be used in serious crimes and when it is required for public protection, because it might cause undesirable effec More

The present study investigated the freedom-depriving penalties in legal system of Iran and England. It was suggested that incarceration of juveniles should be used in serious crimes and when it is required for public protection, because it might cause undesirable effects on juveniles which can make their correction and rehabilitation period longer. In recent years, different reactive programs have been developed in England for preventing juvenile delinquency including alternatives to imprisonment which do not exist in Iran. Investigating the existing principles and reactions of legal system of England which is the result of comprehensive study made by the legislator can be a solution for Iranian legislator for making modifications in juvenile justice system Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Takeli on the institution of impunity for punishment according to the aims of moral punishment and considerations
mahmood malmir

One of the fundamental institutions in the Islamic penal code is the legal justification for impunity. This issue, which creates a boundary between Islamic law and secular rights, has long been the subject of attention by lawyers, criminologists and psychologists. The r More

One of the fundamental institutions in the Islamic penal code is the legal justification for impunity. This issue, which creates a boundary between Islamic law and secular rights, has long been the subject of attention by lawyers, criminologists and psychologists. The rights of the perpetrators It is considered that punishment is considered a legal issue, and criminologists, with a causal view of their consequences and consequences, in line with the goals of criminal psychology and educational approach, are a deterrent and prospective factor associated with the principles, foundations and objectives of punishment. Criminological Assistance Subject to Exemptions from Keeper in Respect of Goals The use of punishments and arbitrary institutions is one of the achievements of modern criminology in criminal law to assist in the criminalization of individuals' socialization and personal and social support, as reflected in new criminal laws. In this regard, criminal law shows a significant correlation with the use of jurisprudence and other sciences, including criminology, psychology and sociology, and, of course, ethical considerations in scientific and supportive dimensions. In the meantime, ethics and its relation to rights are the main and most commonly discussed issues in the philosophy of law. The impact of morality on criminal law has always been a controversial issue in both criminality and the determination of punishment. Nonetheless, attention to moral principles and considerations is one of the most important reasons for emphasizing impunity. Through respect and trust, one can influence the will of the criminal and prevent the repetition of the crime. Also, some of the conditions that the legislator has in Article 38 And the 39th Criminal Code, approved 92 (for example, honorary motivation, good record, etc.), is consistent with ethical considerations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Exemption from punishment in Islamic jurisprudence between ethical, educational and legal interactions
mahmood malmir

20.1001.1.23833279.1399.10.39.3.5

One of the criminological aims of the criminal is to target social reform and train the offender, in addition to reducing the effects of crime. Experience has also shown that it is more than just the size and weight of the upper body that has the unpleasant consequences More

One of the criminological aims of the criminal is to target social reform and train the offender, in addition to reducing the effects of crime. Experience has also shown that it is more than just the size and weight of the upper body that has the unpleasant consequences of unnecessary, unnecessary, unnecessary consequences. Therefore, the criminal justice system, by adopting an auspicious penal policy in light crimes, in addition to reducing the density of criminal cases, increasing the time of judges to handle more precise cases, reducing the number of criminal cases, reducing the burden on the government. And refusing to be labeled in the first place has been ethical and educational orientation and social reform. In this descriptive-analytic article, we discuss what constitutes impunity in Islamic jurisprudence and Islamic law and its relation to ethics and personal education and social reform Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Ethical mechanisms to support from ‘suffering in silence’ by taking approach toward reducing black record of crimes against children
Mohammad

20.1001.1.23833279.1399.10.39.11.3

Writing of present research aims to investigate strategies in the course of reducing black record of crimes against children and to discover and reveal such offences in terms of their vulnerability. This study has been conducted using descriptive- analytical method and More

Writing of present research aims to investigate strategies in the course of reducing black record of crimes against children and to discover and reveal such offences in terms of their vulnerability. This study has been conducted using descriptive- analytical method and by means of librarian references. The conducted studies about this topic may interpret that due to some various reasons, the victimized children may not report the offences perpetrated against their own and as a consequence not only have not they been supported by what anticipated in law, but also they are undergone double injuries by secondary and repeated victimization. The child victims, who are called as ‘silent victims’ and or ‘suffering in silence’, should have potential to reflect the offences perpetrated on them and led to breach their rights in order to enjoy criminal supports and otherwise. Thus, it has been tried in this paper to display image of requisite for culture-building and public sensitivity to recognize basic rights for children and to report the infringement cases of such rights as well as their right of expression of victimization and right of hearing (in the court) in order to break silence in children and also to acquire trust from the victimized children in criminal justice system through providing some facilities in proceeding process. Such measures result in further discovery and revealing of crimes against children Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Principles of Deterrence Ethical, Philosophical and Legal Interactions
Golnaz Moradipasand tahmoores bashiriye hosein gholami doon

20.1001.1.23833279.1399.10.39.13.5

Violating social rights and disrupting social order will make the community more responsive to a distracting person. This reaction has long been the practice of punishment in most criminal systems. As we know, pursuit of a specific purpose in the execution of punishment More

Violating social rights and disrupting social order will make the community more responsive to a distracting person. This reaction has long been the practice of punishment in most criminal systems. As we know, pursuit of a specific purpose in the execution of punishments is that of educating and reforming offenders and their socialization, and it has been proved on the basis of experience that the justice system Criminalization alone can not achieve this goal. As a result, criminal policymakers have recognized the range of criminal policy tools (from discounts to elimination or repeated punitive actions and criminal non-criminal actions) to enforce this goal, as denials. If so far the theories and foundations of criminal law have been attempting to justify criminal, criminal and retaliatory interventions, we now need some other theories and foundations to justify non-custodial intervention because the current evolution of criminal law is towards the elimination of criminality, mild The punishment and distribution of punishment among legal systems is aimed at protecting the basic rights and freedoms of citizens on the one hand and on the other hand, the ultimate goal of punishment is to be trained. In this article, it has been tried to provide justification for the necessity of extending this process by referring to the grounds for punishment, including the philosophical, criminological, and economic foundations Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Ethical Assessment of Internal Armed Conflicts with a focus on the Statute of the International Criminal Court and the procedure of the former Yugoslav Court
mohsen amari Mahdi Hatami

20.1001.1.23833279.1400.11.43.8.5

War crimes are one of the most important examples of international crimes and, as a moral anomaly, are within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court. As long as it has been criminalized in Article 8 of the Statute of the International Criminal Court, it ha More

War crimes are one of the most important examples of international crimes and, as a moral anomaly, are within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court. As long as it has been criminalized in Article 8 of the Statute of the International Criminal Court, it has undergone a long process. In general, the Statute of the Court exceeded the limits of the customary international law on war conflicts in significant and perceptible cases and imposes new obligations on States Parties. In addition to the criminalization of certain acts related to the war in international armed conflicts, the crimes committed in conflicts within the countries have also been sanctioned. By 1949, International humanitarian law has not considered to internal armed conflicts, and up to 1977, no independent treaties were drawn up in this regard. It can also be found in the absence of a comprehensive definition of non-international armed conflicts. However, in the 1990s, The International Criminal Court for the former Yugoslavia defined a definition, while reflecting the custom of its time, influenced the development of the future custom. In this paper, The formation of resources and bases governing internal armed conflicts and its gradual and moral development will be assessed on the basis of humanitarian criteria by the library method and using fishing tools, and will show that the procedure of the Court The former Yugoslav penal code, followed by the drafting of the 1998 Statute of the International Criminal Court. And the inclusion of these crimes in the scope of war crimes has created and developed a great moral transformation in relation to the development of rights related to these conflicts. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - عدالت اجتماعی، حبس، نیمه¬آزادی، مجازات، سیاست کیفری، عدالت قراردادی
nafise jalali iraj goldozian hosein gholami doon

20.1001.1.23833279.1399.10.39.16.8

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - A look at the social dimensions and anomalies caused by prostitution in the Iranian penal system
Hosein Ghanbari Ahmad Ramezani Ahmad Falahi Abolfazl Ahmadzadeh

20.1001.1.23833279.1401.12.47.11.3

Prostitution is an act that people engage in in order to earn money through sexual intercourse. The present study, which is a descriptive-analytical method, has analyzed the social dimensions of prostitution from the perspective of the Iranian penal system. The results More

Prostitution is an act that people engage in in order to earn money through sexual intercourse. The present study, which is a descriptive-analytical method, has analyzed the social dimensions of prostitution from the perspective of the Iranian penal system. The results show that the principle of harm and the discussion of social harm, the principle of legal protection and legal morality are among the foundations of the criminalization of prostitution in the Iranian penal system. Iran's legislative criminal policy has taken a completely banning and criminalizing approach to prostitution. In this way, he has tried to criminalize all possible forms and forms of prostitution by using general words and phrases such as insulting public decency, corruption and ugly images. A careful examination of the existing laws shows that the legislature has not been as successful as it should have been, as there are still important cases where the perpetrators cannot be punished. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Criminal motive, interaction between ethics and criminal law
Mojtaba Malek Afzali Ardakani mohamadali mahdavi sabet Firouz Mahmudi Janki

20.1001.1.23833279.1401.13.50.13.4

The public conscience of the society wants everyone to be equal before the criminal laws, but at the same time, there is a difference between two criminals, one who commits a crime with immoral motives and the other with moral and honorable motives; As in ethics, the va More

The public conscience of the society wants everyone to be equal before the criminal laws, but at the same time, there is a difference between two criminals, one who commits a crime with immoral motives and the other with moral and honorable motives; As in ethics, the value of the verb depends on the intention of the subject. Intention, like motive, gives power to the subject and manages the direction of his behavior to reach the goal. In this way, the motive to commit a crime can be considered as an interaction between ethics and criminal law. The legislator's approach to motive has not been without controversy and challenge; Opponents and supporters have always criticized this approach under the banner of "protecting ethics. The possibility of committing a crime with moral motives on the one hand and criticizing the views of the opponents and supporters of criminal law's attention to motive is the subject of this article. The result of the research is the conditional preference of the opinion of the supporters; Criminal law must be "verb-oriented" in the execution of the crime and, except in the case of necessity, the moral or immoral motive of the perpetrator should not be given a role, but in the determination of punishments - which is entrusted to the ruler of the Islamic society - to choose the most appropriate punishment within the scope of his powers, considering the various dimensions of the criminal's personality and including his motive. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - The effects of the emergence of security-oriented criminalization in crimes against security in Iranian criminal law
Hossein Rezaei Todeshki Seyyed Mahmoud Majidi mohammad javad baghi zadeh

20.1001.1.23833279.1402.13.52.6.5

Securityism is one of the unjust constructions that is imposed on the body of criminal policy and it means a deviant process in the formation of a response process to the criminal phenomenon. The security orientation of criminal policy can be a criterion to distinguish More

Securityism is one of the unjust constructions that is imposed on the body of criminal policy and it means a deviant process in the formation of a response process to the criminal phenomenon. The security orientation of criminal policy can be a criterion to distinguish an efficient and desirable criminal policy from an ineffective and undesirable criminal policy; As a result, the criminal policy of every society should provide a suitable justification for criminalizing and illegalizing the actions of people that were considered permissible before. This article is written in a descriptive-analytical way. In this article, an attempt has been made to answer this question: What are the most important coordinates of security-oriented criminalization in Iran's criminal law? Give an appropriate answer. It seems that the most important coordinates of security-oriented criminalization in Iran's criminal law include criminalization of criminal thoughts, criminalization of preliminary acts, legislative obfuscation and new criminalizations. The purpose of this article is to explain the manifestations of the tendency to aggressive criminalization in Iranian criminal law. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - The position of human dignity in criminal jurisprudence and its comparison with Iranian criminal law
Ali Amirmohammadi mahmud ghayumzadeh Nader Mokhtari Afrakti

20.1001.1.23833279.1402.13.51.14.1

Man has inherent dignity and deserves to acquire virtues, and it is necessary to have the right to life and personal security; Because these virtues appear only in the scene of social life. Good deeds and Crimean morals are considered virtues for a human being, which em More

Man has inherent dignity and deserves to acquire virtues, and it is necessary to have the right to life and personal security; Because these virtues appear only in the scene of social life. Good deeds and Crimean morals are considered virtues for a human being, which emerges from him in free conditions, and these rights; That is, the right to life, liberty and personal security, which is recognized in Article 3 of the Declaration of Human Rights, is the basis of all political rights and subsequent civil liberties, including freedom from torture and arbitrary detention, as well as the rights related to fair trial, freedom of expression and The freedom to travel (emigration) and non-interference in private life and the principle of innocence, the right to marry and form a family and the freedom of opinion and the like are in the section on the rights of the nation and in fact, the citizenship rights of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran and articles 3 to 21 of the Declaration. Universal human rights are included. This article deals with the problem with descriptive analytical method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Investigating the approach and ethical role of the media in preventing emotionalism in determining punishment
Javadollah Ghadami Shahrdad Darabi Sayed Mahmood MirKhalili

Mass media's representation of crime، deviance، and disorder is one of the constant causes of concern at the community level. Because it causes fear and anxiety in the society. However، this traditional role of the media in representing norm-breaking events can be resto More

Mass media's representation of crime، deviance، and disorder is one of the constant causes of concern at the community level. Because it causes fear and anxiety in the society. However، this traditional role of the media in representing norm-breaking events can be restored according to some media-oriented theories such as the magic bullet theory and the theory of highlighting and selective writing، and it can play the role of a tool that also has crime prevention training. And also، a control tool on the emotions and inflammations of society after committing a crime. The current research، with an analytical-descriptive method based on library data، tries to achieve this goal، to what extent the media can moderate and control the inflammation and emotionalism caused by committing a crime، and against this role in determining the punishment of the effective offender. be realized the findings of this research show that the media can control the inflammatory atmosphere created in the society with the insinuations they give to the audience in their headlines and texts، and they can control the criminal justice system from a kind of common sense. release a criminal offense. Anyway، this research investigates the different roles of the media in feedback by representing the crime and also reconstructing or depicting the face of the criminal and finally examines this process in determining the punishment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - A survey of ethical attitudes towards collaborative criminal justice
Mohammad Jamadi Ali Janipour Karam Janipour Dariush Babaie

Justice is one of the oldest concepts that mankind has known since the beginning of its civilization and has tried to establish it. Justice has different forms, which can be referred to as social, political, economic, etc. In this, criminal justice is of special importa More

Justice is one of the oldest concepts that mankind has known since the beginning of its civilization and has tried to establish it. Justice has different forms, which can be referred to as social, political, economic, etc. In this, criminal justice is of special importance. Scientists and experts in social sciences have considered several factors effective on criminal justice, among which principles such as the principle of acquittal and the principle of legality of crimes and punishments, as well as the personal nature of criminal responsibility, are important, but criminal responsibility is of particular importance among them. It is necessary to carry out serious scrutiny in this regard and conduct ethical attitudes towards criminal justice, especially collaborative criminal justice, in a scientific manner. Ignoring the areas of moral responsibility in the field of criminal justice violates the right of those referring to the judicial system and causes injustice. Therefore, paying attention to the character and human dignity of people is a necessity of collaborative criminal justice. The present article deals with the ethical attitudes in the field of collaborative criminal justice with a library method and has answered many unknowns in this regard. Manuscript profile

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