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Open Access Article

1 - Explain the Position of critical Thinking in Epistemic Deontology of Ethic of Belief
فرامرز محمدی پویا

The aim of this study is explain the position of critical thinking in epistemic deontology of ethic of belief. So، used from conceptual analysis method for analyzing epistemic deontology and critical thinking and explain the position of critical thinking in epistemic d More

The aim of this study is explain the position of critical thinking in epistemic deontology of ethic of belief. So، used from conceptual analysis method for analyzing epistemic deontology and critical thinking and explain the position of critical thinking in epistemic deontology. The findings show that for rationality to the beliefs and regard of ethic of Belief، should provide the necessary and sufficient reasons for belief (Evidentialism). Achieving to this reasons and evidences needed to investigate about the belief (Epistemic Deontology). For to conduct the research، should have rules that their application cause done efficiently epistemic deontology process. Critical thinking consists of skills that each can be as a rule and will use in the process of investigation a belief. These rules include "judge with clear criteria and avoid hasty judgments"، "questioning"، "self-correction"، "to distinguish strong from weak reason"، "Failure to follow the majority and truth-seeking"، "analyzing"، "perfect review"، "obvious and avoid ambiguity"، "avoid prejudice"، "comprehensive review"، " flexibility"، " follow up doubts"، "listening to opposite opinions"، "separate belief from the owner belief"، "review defaults" that with use in process of ethic of belief، cause epistemic deontology be lawful. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The Study of Factors Affecting Ethical Behavior in Consumers

Today, one the most important topic in management research is ethics. Several studies have conducted for examining the consumer ethical behavior. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing ethical behavior in consumers. This paper reviewed the effe More

Today, one the most important topic in management research is ethics. Several studies have conducted for examining the consumer ethical behavior. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing ethical behavior in consumers. This paper reviewed the effect of demographic, social, psychological factors and religious beliefs on consumers' ethical behavior. The target statistical population contains customers of chain stores in the Kermanshah city. A questionnaire is designed by the researchers for collecting data. In order to analyze the data, SPSS software is used for descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that demographic factors, social factors, psychological and religious beliefs influence the ethical behavior of the consumer and Socio-cultural factors that most influence the ethical behavior of consumers. The results of research can be used by Manufacturers and marketers in the field of environmental protection and encouraging consumers to take ethical consumption. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The Criminology of Religious Terrorism in Shi'a Ethics
Sayed Mahmood MirKhalili

According to some writers, mid 1970s, with the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, a new generation of terrorism is being created and any liberation action in Shi'a governments of the Middle East, as a result of Iran's provocation and it is an example of religiou More

According to some writers, mid 1970s, with the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, a new generation of terrorism is being created and any liberation action in Shi'a governments of the Middle East, as a result of Iran's provocation and it is an example of religious terrorism. So the authors of this article referring to historical facts and applied ethics, will show that what is now known as " Shi'a terrorism" is Origins in the term evangelical "holy assassination". Sanctuary from religious immorality as a result of fundamentalism Jewish thoughts and of Christianity and this term is the first time, in their religious books, they have come up against them and Islamic Shi'a Ethics, has offered her plans to forbid such behaviors. Ethical Implications Based on Imam's Behavior (Peace be upon them) and thus adhere to the teachings of the Holy Qur'an whereby all human beings are equal and the surprise of killing them, it is prohibited and prohibited with any excuse and motive Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Ethical and Behavioral Standards: Legal Reading and Their Social Effects
Mohammad Reza Vijeh Azad Rezaei

Ethical and behavioral standards (professional standards) are based on several principles, values and ethical standards related to occupations that ethical standards like ethical and value declarations determine ethical virtues and behavioral standards set them to guide More

Ethical and behavioral standards (professional standards) are based on several principles, values and ethical standards related to occupations that ethical standards like ethical and value declarations determine ethical virtues and behavioral standards set them to guide the members of minor areas. On the other hand, in particular, our country faces a range of problems and challenges such as the water crisis, the environmental crisis, the crisis of public trust and other social crises which in many cases may threat the integrity of the country. It is believed that such problems are derived from inattention of moral values, preference of personal and group interests to public interest and corruption in general and etc,. Our assumption is that the adoption of professional standards in every kind and in particular, legal perceptions of them will lead to the rule of ethical values at the levels of occupation at first and then, lead to ethical excellence of a large part of society. In the meantime, we found through descriptive-analytical study that ethical excellence, fight against corruption and the strengthening of public trust, the safeguarding of citizenship rights, the strengthening of professional solidarity, the preservation of the dignity and integrity of the minor areas, and etc., will be prove to be true as the positive effects that can overcome many of mentioned problems. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Developing Critical Thinking Skills in Multicultural Learning Environments Based on Constructivism
iraj hidari Mohammad sifie hosain moradimokles

Today, the proper and effective use of multimedia learning environments requires the design, compilation, and integration of the components of the field of science education. One of the main components that has been overlooked in these softwares is the critical thinking More

Today, the proper and effective use of multimedia learning environments requires the design, compilation, and integration of the components of the field of science education. One of the main components that has been overlooked in these softwares is the critical thinking component. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the curriculum of the sixth elementary school curriculum based on the constructivist approach (Van Morinbour's multimedia model) and its impact on critical thinking skills in two interpretive and inferential areas. This research was carried out in two phases. In the first phase, the curriculum was designed and prepared with the emphasis on interpretive and inferential skills based on the Van Mearburn multimedia model. In the second stage, the effect of the application of the educational package prepared on the basis of interpretive and inferential skills was assessed by semi-experimental and based on pre-test and post-test design. The results showed that the teaching of thinking and research based on the educational package prepared on experimental and experimental inferential skills had a significant effect (P <0.05). According to the results of the research, the application of the curriculum of thinking and research with constructivist approach increases the skills of critical thinking in two areas of interpretive skill and inferential skills of learners Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - An Investigation of Consequentialism and Ethical Conscientiousness with Emphasis on Kant's Theory in the Society of Iranian Certified Accountants and its Impact on Adherence to Auditors' Professional Behavior
sherly Nematolahi Mohamadreza Vatanparast

Morality is a pervasive subject that covers all aspects of human life. Accounting is one of the most organized and disciplined professions in the world, and because of the type and nature of the services it offers, it must have a certain reputation. The continuation of More

Morality is a pervasive subject that covers all aspects of human life. Accounting is one of the most organized and disciplined professions in the world, and because of the type and nature of the services it offers, it must have a certain reputation. The continuation of this credibility and its validity and reliability depends on the intellectual and practical commitment of the members of the profession to its ethical and ethical standards. One of the fundamental issues in the philosophy of ethics in accounting is the discussion of the standard of ethical action and the evaluation of auditors' voluntary actions ethically. In this context, throughout history, numerous schools of thought and philosophers have emerged, one of which is Kant's moral school and moral consequentialism. In the first step, this research has investigated the place of ethical philosophies in formulating such professional behavior through library method. In the second step, using the survey method, it analyzes the auditors' views. Ethical responsibility and ethical consequence have a significant effect on the level of adherence to auditors' professional conduct. Adhering to two ethical dimensions of ethical duty and ethical consequence can also encourage auditors in the process of conducting ethical boundaries, including ethical duty-making and the result of the work presented in a way that will be relevant and credible to all. And this is related to moral consequentialism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Kantian ethics from the perspective of martyr Motahari
majid abolghasemzadeh

Kant according to his philosophy of critique and relying on practical reason, achieved a moral order that distinguishes his philosophy of ethics from some other philosophy of ethics. Relying on practical reason and ignoring theoretical reason, deontologism, formalism, More

Kant according to his philosophy of critique and relying on practical reason, achieved a moral order that distinguishes his philosophy of ethics from some other philosophy of ethics. Relying on practical reason and ignoring theoretical reason, deontologism, formalism, absolutism, separation between happiness and perfection, good agent, the priority of morality to religion are some features of Kantian ethics. Professor martyr Motahhari while accurate explaining and analyzing of Kant's ethics philosophy and using the moral system of Islam, has been reviewed and criticized it. At first we will explain a brief principles and basic issues of Kant's ethics in this article and then we will review it from the perspective of martyr Motahhari Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Explaining the Nasser Khosrow's Thought in the Area of Reason and Reason and Concluding its Educational Teachings

The tendency to wisdom and its description are one of the most prominent and important features of Naser Khosrow's writings. The present article is intended to investigate Nasser Khosrow's thoughts on reason and rationality, philosophical and religious foundations, and More

The tendency to wisdom and its description are one of the most prominent and important features of Naser Khosrow's writings. The present article is intended to investigate Nasser Khosrow's thoughts on reason and rationality, philosophical and religious foundations, and his educational teachings. After describing and explaining Naser Khosrow's Philosophical and Educational Perspective, the author looks at the nature of reason and rationality to study the resulting educational teachings. In this article, the author has used descriptive, analytical, and documentary methods using library and electronic resources to describe concepts, analyze and explain the problem. Meanwhile, information analysis was carried out using a (inductive) category system. Our findings reveal that Nasser Khosrow believes that reason is the gift of the goddess of religion and the kimia of happiness in the two worlds that the wise man, with the help of which in the world, is protected from sin and in the hereafter from the fire of Hell. Also, human supremacy affects all the creatures of the science of appearance and inner being due to the existence of reason. Accordingly, the educational teachings of rationalism from the perspective of Nasser Khusraw include the fulfillment of ethical conduct, self-cultivation, reasoning (the assessment of the accuracy of the matter with the criterion and logical and rational reasons) and the independence of thought and imitation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - An Analysis of the Impact and Role of hosn and ghobh Intellect in Ethics
hormoz asadikohbad

20.1001.1.23833279.1400.11.43.1.8

Intellectual admiration and rebuke is one of the foundational issues of human thought that has always been one of the cornerstones of dialogue . The struggle between Socrates and Plato with the Sophists was centered on whether there were firm principles for measuring t More

Intellectual admiration and rebuke is one of the foundational issues of human thought that has always been one of the cornerstones of dialogue . The struggle between Socrates and Plato with the Sophists was centered on whether there were firm principles for measuring the truth. In Islamic thoughts too, the basis of the controversy between Asharite thought and Justice has been the belief in the rational admiration of things that until the time of Ibn Sina all thinkers believed in the essence and reasonableness of good and evil. But then some took a different approach, although the origins of these discussions in theology were in the discussion of the attributes of transcendency, and theologians of the both thought argued to prove their theory. But its role and impact in other sciences such as ethics and moral philosophy is undeniable. The importance and necessity of this issue is that the denial at the good and the inherent evil of the verbs eliminates the eternal foundations for moral and ethical affairs and will lead to moral relativism. So these two theorems are at the root of all human ethics and additionally make sense in the light of this theory of moral responsibility, so this research has examined this important analytically and descriptively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Consistensy between Contractualism and Rule-Utilitarianism on Parfit and its valuation
Seyed Taghi Agha Miri Seyed Ahmad Fazeli Mohsen Javadi

20.1001.1.23833279.1400.11.43.4.1

Utilitarianism and contractualism throughout its life have enjoyed a variety of readings in new and old societies among utilitarians and contractualists. The ancient utilitarians have different readings of classical and act-utilitarianism, and rule utilitarianism More

Utilitarianism and contractualism throughout its life have enjoyed a variety of readings in new and old societies among utilitarians and contractualists. The ancient utilitarians have different readings of classical and act-utilitarianism, and rule utilitarianism treats the two differently. Parfit utilitarianism is not only different from other forms of utilitarianism, but also distinct from normative utilitarianism, rooted in the principles of general principles based on his rationality, objectivism, and anthropology. He has the same view of contractualism. Parfit says:A)Agreed general moral principles ,B)followed the rational principles that people agree on. Principles must be chosen that can be rationally formulated so that no one can easily dismiss it.This kind of contractualism wants to show, firstly, the existence of moral knowledge and, secondly, the objectivity of moral values and propositions by relying on rationality.Parfit tries to build utilitarianism and contractualism on the maximum of rationality. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Compatibility of the theory of virtue with religious ethics
Jafar Morvarid Javad Raqavi Zahra Hosseini

20.1001.1.23833279.1400.11.43.10.7

The important issue raised in this study is that the ethics of virtue can be the best and most consistent explanation of religious ethics. To achieve this, first the theories of normative ethics deontological ethics and purposefulness and virtue - are explained and comp More

The important issue raised in this study is that the ethics of virtue can be the best and most consistent explanation of religious ethics. To achieve this, first the theories of normative ethics deontological ethics and purposefulness and virtue - are explained and compared. The superiority of the theory of virtue over the two clearly competing theories is explained by the explanation of virtue-based ethics, each of its main components such as: virtue, happiness, intention, practical wisdom, moral model and middle ground. In continuation, some components of religious ethics - such as theism and resurrection, cultivation of inner property and self-improvement, the position of moral model in religious ethics, the role of intention in religious ethics, the middle of the straight path or the way of salvation, etc. - are examined. Also, considering the closeness of the subject and the end of morality of virtue and religious morality - in the order of self-knowledge and happiness - it can be concluded that their morality of virtue and religious morality is their view of evolutionary and transcendent moral agent. It is also possible to provide the ground for the compatibility of these two morals with religious color and divine direction to the end - happiness - in the morality of virtue. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Phenomenology of customers’ hope for banking services in Keshavarzi Bank with an approach involving ethics, innovation and quality management system
asghar ahmadi farshid namamian Ali Asghari Sarem Tohfeh Ghobadi Lamouki

20.1001.1.23833279.1400.12.45.1.5

As strategic partners of businesses, customers have played an undeniable role in business growth and development; having a comprehensive knowledge of customers from different dimensions has always been emphasized. Meanwhile, the phenomenon of customer’s hope has been ne More

As strategic partners of businesses, customers have played an undeniable role in business growth and development; having a comprehensive knowledge of customers from different dimensions has always been emphasized. Meanwhile, the phenomenon of customer’s hope has been neglected in theoretical issues and specifically in the banking industry as an important principle in maintaining a continued relationship with customers. Moreover, from the perspective of correct and accurate understanding of its meanings, its concepts and hidden conceptual layers have been commonly overlooked. Thus. the present study aims to describe the lived experience of customers’ hope in to the services provided by Keshavarzi Bank in order to identify the dimensions and components of customers’ hope and then to present a conceptual model and structure of the study. In terms of purpose, this present study is an applied one, and from the perspective of approach, it is an exploratory one. In terms of type of research, it is an exploratory mixed one. In the first and qualitative phase, a purposeful selection and in-depth interviews were conducted with 9 bank customers with Sidman’s method and applying a phenomenological approach. The results were analyzed with a Colaizzi’s method. The results of the analysis confirm the emergence of the structure of customer’s hope in three general categories, including hope derived from ethics in the Keshavarzi Bank, hope derived from the service quality management system, and finally “hope derived from innovation and customer-orientedness”. Also, the three mentioned categories had a total of 6 concepts and twenty propositions, resulting from summarizing and modifying the initial 87 propositions. In the quantitative section, in order to investigate the originality of the structure, customer’s hope was measured based on the findings of applying and implementing a phenomenological strategy in the form of a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 24 items. The questionnaire was designed, distributed and completed among 400 customers of Keshavarzi Bank. The results were analyzed by using SPSS, Lisrel and Smart pls. The results of the study in this section confirm the structure of customer hope in the form of a conceptual model extracted from the first section. Therefore, in the banking industry, by focusing and paying attention to the structure of the phenomenon of customer hope as the main themes and related concepts and propositions, appropriate measures and approaches can be adopted to create and manage sustainable customer relations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Explaining the Different Ethical Approaches to the Antecedents and Consequences of Women's Conspicuous Buying
Ali Afshari Hamid Reza Saeidnia Hussein Vazifehdoost

20.1001.1.23833279.1400.12.46.15.1

This study aims to identify the factors affecting conspicuous consumption from the perspective of women with different lifestyles, including academics and seminarians, and also to investigate what actions conspicuous consumption leads to in individuals. This research is More

This study aims to identify the factors affecting conspicuous consumption from the perspective of women with different lifestyles, including academics and seminarians, and also to investigate what actions conspicuous consumption leads to in individuals. This research is fundamental in terms of purpose and methodologically examines and analyzes the views of women on the conspicuous consumption of luxury goods using the grounded theory. The method of data collection is field and using semi-structured interview tools in two groups of the statistical population including 15 female students of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science and Research Branch, and 15 female students of Al-Zahra seminary in Qom. The results of the study show the difference between the beliefs and views of the first and second groups regarding the concept of conspicuous consumption and show that female students of Islamic Azad University are more inclined to the conspicuous consumption of luxury goods and female students of Al-Zahra seminary are less inclined to the conspicuous consumption and seek to control it through paying attention to Islamic ethics and religious life. This difference in the views of students is based on causal factors including structural, behavioral, psychological, and social factors. This research has for the first time dealt with the concept of conspicuous consumption from two perspectives with different intellectual approaches and compares them in Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Humanism in Nasim Marashi's "autumn novel is the last season of the year"
Javan Mohammad Ali َAbdollah toloeiazar

20.1001.1.23833279.1401.13.50.8.9

Humanism is a concept that originated in Europe, spread throughout the world, and blended with different cultures. With the growth of human-centeredness, man became acquainted with his true position and position. Although sometimes man did not find his true dignity, but More

Humanism is a concept that originated in Europe, spread throughout the world, and blended with different cultures. With the growth of human-centeredness, man became acquainted with his true position and position. Although sometimes man did not find his true dignity, but with the familiarity of man with his position, he always tried to gain this dignity. The main purpose of this article is to study the components of humanism in Nasim Marashi's novels. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The result of the article indicates that in Marashi's works and especially in the novel "Autumn is the last season of the year", elements such as rationalism, individualism, realism, human will, etc., which are the main features of humanism, can be observed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Explanation and criticism of the educational consequences of humanistic mysticism with an emphasis on Win Dyer's thought based on the spiritualism of the Holy Quran
Alireza mahmmudnia siyavosh mozaffari susan keshavarz Ramazan Barkhordari

20.1001.1.23833279.1402.14.53.8.2

Explanation and criticism of the educational consequences of humanistic mysticism with an emphasis on Win Dyer's thought based on the spiritualism of the Holy Quran. The present article is a descriptive study that was carried out with the aim of explaining and criticizi More

Explanation and criticism of the educational consequences of humanistic mysticism with an emphasis on Win Dyer's thought based on the spiritualism of the Holy Quran. The present article is a descriptive study that was carried out with the aim of explaining and criticizing the educational consequences of humanistic mysticism with an emphasis on Wayne Dyer's thought based on the spiritualism of the Holy Quran. In this research, the method of scientific analogy (inferential) and lens comparison or isometric analysis and comparative criticism based on Keri Walk's point of view have been used. In this research, the researcher seeks to answer these questions: What criticism is there on the educational consequences of humanistic mysticism from the point of view and thought of Wayne Dyer based on the spiritualism of the Holy Quran? What are the educational consequences of humanistic mysticism with an emphasis on Wayne Dyer's thought? With regard to Quranic spiritualism, what criticisms are there on the educational consequences of humanistic mysticism with an emphasis on Wayne Dyer's thought? What are the educational consequences of humanistic mysticism with an emphasis on Wayne Dyer's thought? With regard to Quranic spiritualism, what criticisms are there on the educational consequences of humanistic mysticism with an emphasis on Wayne Dyer's thought? The results show that humanistic mysticisms, reflecting on the one-dimensional and one-dimensional world, which place humans in the center of attention, are considered important achievements of humanists. Of course, Islamic teachings have ordered its application in the lives of Muslims; On the other hand, in the contemporary era, spiritual therapy became one of the trends that attracted attention in the field of health and mental health. Thinkers like Wayne Dyer, having a positive attitude towards life and using a spiritual aspect of human beings, gave double importance to the category of spirituality; But since the view of "spirituality minus religion" has dominated them, they have pointed out wrong perceptions in the interpretation of spirituality and its practical effectiveness. Spirituality will be effective and stable when it is taken from its true and real purpose; Both from an empirical point of view and the Holy Qur'an has emphasized and clarified in its teachings that the role of religion and spirituality arising from it in the mental health and well-being of people cannot be ignored. Since the divine nature of man is divine and he has a divine soul, spiritual psychology will be successful if it pays attention to the frameworks necessary to strengthen the human spirit, which is the category of religion-oriented ethics. Manuscript profile

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